作物秸秆直接还田思考与秸秆多途径利用商榷

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb15080073

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 作物秸秆直接还田是当前农业生产中常见的一种秸秆处理方式和培肥地力措施，具有重要的科学价值和实践意义，随着秸秆产量的不断增加，连年秸秆直接全量还田导致的问题凸显。为了给作物秸秆科学利用途径的选择提供有益参考，笔者梳理与权衡了作物秸秆直接还田的正负效应，思考与讨论了连年秸秆直接全量还田实践下秸秆腐解不完全存在的潜在隐患，总结了作物秸秆的多途径利用方式和技术，并对符合可持续发展战略的作物秸秆利用方向进行了展望。分析认为，长期秸秆直接全量还田致使土壤中积聚大量未腐解的有机物质，成为农田生态系统的负担，最终可能会超出农田的最大承载力，破坏农田生态系统平衡，因此，生产上应在保证土壤地力持续提升的秸秆还田量基础上，因地制宜多领域综合利用作物秸秆。

关键词: 中草药, 中草药, 黄鳝, 雌二醇, 睾酮

Abstract: As a widespread way of crop straw disposing and soil enriching in current agricultural production, returning crop straw to the field directly has important scientific value and practical meaning. But many problems of total crop straw returned directly every year have appeared with the increase of straw yield. In order to provide a beneficial reference for the scientific utilization of crop straw, the authors clarified and weighed the pros and cons of crop straw returned directly, deliberated and discussed the potential risks of the undecomposed straws in the practice of total crop straw returned directly every year, summarized the multiway utilization approaches and technologies of straw, and put forward the sustainable direction of straw utilization. According to the analysis, the accumulation of organic matter in soil was a burden to agroecosystem, which might exceed the bearing capacity of farmland eventually and destroy the balance of agroecosystem. Therefore, on the premise of suitable straw returned amount which could retain soil fertility, it was necessary to comprehensively utilize the crop straw according to local conditions.

中图分类号:

X712

靳海洋,蒋向,杨习文,贺德先. 作物秸秆直接还田思考与秸秆多途径利用商榷[J]. 中国农学通报, 2016, 32(9): 142-147.

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