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中国农学通报 ›› 2016, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (30): 28-31.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb16060151

所属专题: 小麦

• 农学 农业基础科学 • 上一篇    下一篇

不同带状播种方式对冬小麦群体动态和产量结构的影响

王汉芳,杨 程,李向东,邵运辉,方保停,岳俊芹,张德奇,马富举,秦 峰   

  1. (河南省农业科学院小麦研究所/小麦国家工程实验室/农业部黄淮中部小麦生物学与遗传育种重点实验室/农业部中原地区作物栽培科学观测实验站/河南省小麦生物学重点实验室,郑州 450002)
  • 收稿日期:2016-06-29 修回日期:2016-10-10 接受日期:2016-08-16 出版日期:2016-10-31 发布日期:2016-10-31
  • 通讯作者: 李向东
  • 基金资助:
    “十二五”科技部国家科技支撑计划“中原经济区农业循环技术集成与示范”子课题“秸秆直接还田高产高效循环利用技术、资源高效型麦棉复合生物共生循环模式构建技术”(2012BAD14B08),“豫南雨养区小麦玉米丰产节水节肥技术集成与示范”(2013BAD07B07),“黄淮区小麦抗逆增产技术研究集成与示范”(2015BAD26B01);农业部公益性行业专项“粮食作物抗灾群体优化与定向减灾技术研究与示范”(201203033)。

Effect of Different Banding Planting Methods on Population Dynamic and Yield Structure of Winter Wheat

Wang Hanfang, Yang Cheng, Li Xiangdong, Shao Yunhui, Fang Baoting, Yue Junqin, Zhang Deqi, Ma Fuju, Qin Feng   

  1. (Wheat Research Institute of Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences/National Laboratory of Wheat Engineering/Key Laboratory of Wheat Biology and Genetic Breeding in Central Huang-Huai Region, Ministry of Agriculture/Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Wheat Biology, Zhengzhou 450002)
  • Received:2016-06-29 Revised:2016-10-10 Accepted:2016-08-16 Online:2016-10-31 Published:2016-10-31

摘要: 试验在大田条件下,设置带状播种(带宽20、40、60、100 cm,行距20 cm)、全区撒播(幅宽270 cm)等播种方式,研究了种子分布带对冬小麦的群体动态、产量以及产量三要素的影响。结果显示:随着播种宽度的增加,穗数和各生育期单株分蘖数均呈逐渐增加的趋势,播种宽度20 cm时,单株分蘖数和穗数最少,全区撒播时单株分蘖数和穗数最多,千粒重和穗粒数的变化趋势与公顷穗数相反,播种宽度20 cm时,千粒重和穗粒数最大,全区撒播时最小。产量则呈先上升后下降的趋势,播种宽度20~60 cm时,增产效果最好,当全小区撒播时,产量最低。综上所述,适当宽幅播种有利于小麦群体生长和产量提高,分蘖成穗率和产量比等行距播种和撒播高,本试验条件下,60 cm宽幅播种分蘖多,成穗率高,产量最高。

关键词: 吹雪, 吹雪, 蒙古气旋, 高空急流, 动量下传, 低空急流

Abstract: Different banding planting width of 20, 40, 60 and 100 cm with line width of 20 cm and sowing whole district were conducted in field, the effect of seeds distribution on population dynamics, yield and yield three factors were studied. The results showed that ear number and tiller number of per plant at all growth stages increased with the increase of planting width, ear number and tiller number of per plant reached the least when planting width was 20 cm, ear number and tiller number of per plant reached the maximum when sowing whole district; the variation of thousand-grain weight and kernels number of per spike was in the opposite to hectare spike number; thousand-grain weight and kernels number of per spike reached the highest when the planting width was 20 cm, and they reached the lowest when sowing whole district. The yield increased first and then decreased, the yield-increasing effect was the best when planting width was 20-60 cm, the yield was the lowest in sowing whole district treatment. The results suggested that suitable wide planting was benefit to the increase of group growth and yield of wheat compared with equal line width planting and sowing, the percentage of ear-bearing tiller and yield ratio were higher. In the experiment condition, 60 cm planting width had the highest yield, more tiller and high percentage of ear-bearing tiller.

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