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中国农学通报 ›› 2016, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (32): 200-204.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb16080007

所属专题: 现代农业发展与乡村振兴

• 三农研究 • 上一篇    

中国农业清洁生产的发展现状及对策分析

刘岑薇1,2,王成己1,2,黄毅斌1   

  1. (1福建省农业科学院农业生态研究所/农业部福州农业环境科学观测实验站,福州 350013;2土壤与农业可持续发展国家重点实验室,中国科学院南京土壤研究所,南京 210008)
  • 收稿日期:2016-08-02 修回日期:2016-11-02 接受日期:2016-08-25 出版日期:2016-11-15 发布日期:2016-11-15
  • 通讯作者: 黄毅斌
  • 基金资助:
    福建省公益类科研院所专项“福建省规模化养猪场碳足迹及清洁生产技术对策研究”(2015R1017-7),“组合指纹法在山地茶园侵蚀小流域产沙来源的应用”(2016R1016-4);土壤与农业可持续发展国家重点实验室(中国科学院南京土壤研究所)开放基金课题“生物质炭输入对果园土壤质量的影响及其作用机制”(Y412201409);福建省自然科学基金项目“烟秆生物质炭对烟田土壤的改良效应及调控机制研究”(2016J01179);中国烟草总公司福建省公司项目“烟秆等废弃物生物黑炭转化及其在烟田改良上的应用”(闽烟合同[2013]031)。

Development Status and Countermeasures of Agricultural Cleaner Production in China

Liu Cenwei1,2, Wang Chengji1,2, Huang Yibin1   

  1. (1Institute of Agricultural Ecology, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Fuzhou Scientific Observing andExperimental Station of Agro-Environment, Ministry of Agriculture, Fuzhou 350013;2State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008)
  • Received:2016-08-02 Revised:2016-11-02 Accepted:2016-08-25 Online:2016-11-15 Published:2016-11-15

摘要: 农业清洁生产是农业发展的一种新模式,其目的是通过生产和使用清洁能源和原料,改善管理和监控体系,减少农产品生产过程中的各种污染,以满足农业生产的需要。介绍了农业清洁生产的概念及背景意义、农业清洁生产的目标,以美国、欧盟国家和日本为例介绍了国外农业清洁生产的发展现状,从种植业和畜牧业两方面阐述了中国农业清洁生产的发展现状,提出中国农业清洁生产存在的问题:(1)法律法规不完善,政策制定缺乏充分认知和参与;(2)政策扶持力度不够,资金投入不足;(3)清洁生产技术规范不统一、推广机制不完善。最后提出中国农业清洁生产的对策:(1)加大对农业清洁生产的宣传,树立社会公众的清洁生产意识;(2)加强对农业自然资源的合理利用和保护;(3)大力促进农业企业的清洁生产,从更深层解决污染防治问题;(4)加强畜牧业清洁生产工作,调整产业结构;(5)增强农产品安全意识,加大对高品质农产品生产的扶持力度。

关键词: 沙生柽柳, 沙生柽柳, 扦插繁殖, 插穗成活率, 激素诱导

Abstract: Agricultural cleaner production is a new model of agricultural development, its aim is to improve the management and monitoring system, reduce the pollution in the process of agricultural production to meet the need of agricultural production by producing and using clean energy and raw materials. The authors introduced the concept, background and significance, and also the goal of agricultural cleaner production, and the development status of agricultural cleaner production was reviewed by taking the examples of the United States, European countries and Japan. The situation of agricultural cleaner production in China was elaborated from two aspects: crop farming and animal husbandry, and the problems existed in agricultural cleaner production in China were pointed out: (1) imperfect laws and regulations, lack of adequate cognition and participation in policy making; (2) policy support from government was insufficient and underfunded; (3) cleaner production technical specification was not unified, and promotion mechanism was not perfect. Finally some countermeasures were put forward for agricultural cleaner production in China: (1) to increase publicity of agricultural cleaner production, and to cultivate the public consciousness of cleaner production; (2) to strengthen the rational utilization and protection of agricultural natural resources; (3) to promote cleaner production, agricultural enterprises should further solve the problem of pollution prevention; (4) to strengthen the cleaner production of animal husbandry, adjust the industrial structure; (5) to strengthen the consciousness of food safety, increase support for high quality agricultural production.

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