欢迎访问《中国农学通报》,

中国农学通报 ›› 2017, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (27): 1-7.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb16110054

所属专题: 玉米

• 农学 农业基础科学 •    下一篇

不同水分处理对春玉米水分动态和株高的影响

李 英,蒋菊芳,丁文魁,刘海燕,王鹤龄   

  1. 甘肃省武威市气象局农业气象试验站,甘肃省武威市气象局农业气象试验站,甘肃省武威市气象局农业气象试验站,甘肃省武威市气象局农业气象试验站,中国气象局兰州干旱气象研究所
  • 收稿日期:2016-11-10 修回日期:2017-09-01 接受日期:2017-01-20 出版日期:2017-10-09 发布日期:2017-10-09
  • 通讯作者: 李 英
  • 基金资助:
    公益性行业(气象)科研专项(重大专项)“干旱气象科学研究-我国北方干旱致灾过程及机理”(GYHY201506001-2);国家自然科学基金青 年项目(No.41505098);甘肃省气象局科研面上项目“甜高粱在河西的气候适应性研究”(GSMAMs2016-13);干旱基金“荒漠植物对干旱环境的适应机 理及干旱阈值研究”(IAM201507)。

Effects of Different Water Treatments on Moisture Dynamics and Plant Height of Spring Maize

  • Received:2016-11-10 Revised:2017-09-01 Accepted:2017-01-20 Online:2017-10-09 Published:2017-10-09

摘要: 旨在研究区域农田春玉米干旱灾害形成的过程特征和阶段阈值。在典型干旱区武威,设置不同的控水处理,用对比分析方法研究同一品种在不同处理下的耗水规律。结果表明,玉米前期耗水强度小,中期逐渐变大,后期又减少。播种、出苗期土壤水分总贮水量最大;拔节期土壤水分总贮水量显著减少;抽雄期耗水以植株蒸腾为主,随着降水量的增加,土壤水分总贮水量均有不同程度的增加;乳熟期高温天气较多,土壤蒸发和植株蒸腾加剧,土壤水分总贮水量为全生育期最小;长期干旱胁迫使土壤极度干旱,上下层土壤重量含水率几乎趋于一致。干旱胁迫对株高的影响没有对水分的影响剧烈,干旱胁迫对拔节期玉米植株的生长影响最大,抽雄吐丝期次之,苗期影响最小。

关键词: 辽河口, 辽河口, 最大连续降水量, 最长连续降水日数, 特性分析

Abstract: The paper aims at the period characteristics and phase threshold of the regional drought disaster formation of spring maize. In the typical arid area wuwei,the water consumption of the same breed is studied by the comparison of the different water control treatment. The results showed that the maize water consumption intensity was small in the early stage, in the middle stage it increased gradually, and decreased in the late stage. The maximum of soil water storage capacity was reached at sowing and seedling stage, while in jointing stage the soil water storage capacity reduce significantly. The plant transpiration dominate the consumption of water in tasseling stage, when the soil water storage capacity increased with the precipitation. The soil evaporation and plant transpiration are all intensified due to the hot weather in milk ripeness stage, thus the soil water storage capacity decreased to the minimum in the whole growth period. The long drought stress made the soil extremely arid, and the upper and lower layer of soil have the similar water storage capacity per weight. The drought stress doesn’t impact the plant height as strong as it impact the water storage. The influence of drought stress to plant growth of maize was strongest in jointing stage and weakest in seedling stage, the tasseling and silking stage gets the middle.