欢迎访问《中国农学通报》，
中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2018, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (4): 32-37.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb17020001

所属专题： 马铃薯

• 农学 农业基础科学 • 上一篇    下一篇

不同种植模式下早春马铃薯产量性状和经济效益的分析

范春梅,彭尔瑞,尹亚敏,魏千贺,王晨   

  1. 云南农业大学水利学院,云南农业大学水利学院,云南农业大学水利学院,云南农业大学水利学院,云南农业大学水利学院
  • 收稿日期:2017-02-02 修回日期:2017-02-21 接受日期:2017-03-08 出版日期:2018-02-26 发布日期:2018-02-26
  • 通讯作者: 范春梅
  • 基金资助:
    云南省教育厅项目-节水灌溉对冬作马铃薯及田间土壤水分的影响研究(2014Y192);云南省科技厅重点项目-高原特色冬季马铃薯需水规律与节水灌溉项目(A3007680).

Yield and Economic Benefit of Potato Under Different Planting Patterns in Early Spring

  • Received:2017-02-02 Revised:2017-02-21 Accepted:2017-03-08 Online:2018-02-26 Published:2018-02-26

摘要： 为解决早春马铃薯霜冻和干旱带来的灾害问题，提高马铃薯单产，以当地品种‘合作88’与引进品种‘青薯9号’为主体作物，采用大垄双行白膜下滴灌、大垄双行滴灌、大垄双行覆白膜、大垄双行、大垄双行稻草包芯、大垄双行覆黑膜、常规栽培7种栽培模式进行试验研究。结果表明：（1）‘合作88’产量最高的栽培方式是常规栽培 (57.18t/hm2)，其次是大垄双行覆白膜(53.76t/hm2)，产量最低的是大垄双行覆黑膜 (33.23t/hm2)；‘青薯9号’产量最高的是大垄双行(64.26t/hm2)，其次是大垄双行白膜下滴灌((61.14t/hm2)，大垄双行覆黑膜的产量 (40.46t/hm2)最低。（2）除常规栽培外，其余6种栽培方式下‘青薯9号’的产量均高于‘合作88’。（3）大垄双行覆黑膜栽培下的纯收入（‘合作88’ 6.30万元/hm2，‘青薯9号’ 8.45万元/hm2）和产投比（‘合作88’2.95，‘青薯9号’3.58）最低。常规栽培下‘合作88’马铃薯的产投比(5.82)和纯收入（14.27万元/hm2）最高；大垄双行栽培下‘青薯9号’马铃薯的产投比(6.11)和纯收入（15.81万元/hm2）最高。因此，在建水县甸尾乡试验区，‘合作88’马铃薯最佳的栽培模式是常规栽培，‘青薯9号’最适宜的种植模式是大垄双行，且在栽培方式和管理措施适宜的情况下‘青薯9号’马铃薯是一个高产的品种。研究结果可为早春马铃薯种植方式的选择和推广提供参考。

关键词: 土壤质量综合评价, 土壤质量综合评价, 克里格空间插值, 库车县

Abstract: This study aims to solve the problem of early spring frosts and potato drought disasters, and enhance the yield of potato. Local potato variety named ‘Cooperation 88’ and introduced variety named ‘Qingshu No.9’ was selected as the main crop of this test. 7 kinds of plant models were used in this experiment, there were the model of potato doubling line width ridge- drip irrigation under white film- mulching, the model of potato doubling line width ridge- drip irrigation, the model of potato doubling line width ridge- white film-mulching, the model of potato doubling line width ridge, the model of potato doubling line width ridge- sandwich straw, the model of potato doubling line width ridge- black film- mulching and the model of potato conventional farming. The result showed that: (1) the yield of the model of potato conventional farming to variety ‘Cooperation 88’ was highest (57.18t/ha), and the yield of the model of potato doubling line width ridge- white film-mulching was second (53.76t/ha) and the yield of the model of potato doubling line width ridge- black film- mulching was lowest(33.23t/ha).The yield of the model of potato doubling line width ridge to variety ‘Qingshu No.9’ was highest (64.26t/ha),the yield of and the model of potato doubling line width ridge- drip irrigation under white film-mulching was second(61.14t/ha),and the yield of the model of potato doubling line width ridge- black film-mulching was lowest(40.46t/ha).(2) The yields of 6 kinds of plant models for ‘Qingshu No.9’ have been higher than ‘Cooperation 88’ except the yield of model of potato conventional farming. (3) The net income (‘Cooperation 88’ 63000yuan/ha, ‘Qingshu No.9’ 84500yuan/ha) and input-output ratio (‘Cooperation 88’ 2.95, ‘Qingshu No.9’ 3.58) of the model of potato doubling line width ridge- black film-mulching were lowest. The net income （142700 yuan/ha） and input-output ratio (5.82) of the model of potato conventional farming for ‘Cooperation 88’ were highest, and the net income（158100yuan/ha） and input-output ratio (6.11) of the model of potato doubling line width ridge for ‘Qingshu No.9’ were highest. Therefore, the model of potato conventional farming was the best planting mode to species- ‘Cooperation 88’ potato, and the model of potato doubling line width ridge was the most appropriate planting mode to species- ‘Qingshu No.9’ in this region, and the ‘Qingshu No.9’ potato was a high yield variety under the condition of suitable cultivation methods and management measures in this region. This study helps to provides data support for selection of appropriate planting mode of potato and promotion in early spring.