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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2017, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (31): 132-138.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb17030003

所属专题： 园艺

• 食品 营养 检测 安全 • 上一篇    下一篇

5种精油的化学成分及对番茄早疫病的抑菌活性研究

林霜霜,邱珊莲,郑开斌,张少华,吴维坚,鞠玉栋,李珊珊,杨敏,郑菲艳,黄惠明   

  1. 福建省农业科学院亚热带农业研究所,福建省农业科学院亚热带农业研究所,福建省农业科学院亚热带农业研究所,宁波市食品检验检测研究院,福建省农业科学院亚热带农业研究所,福建省农业科学院亚热带农业研究所,福建省农业科学院亚热带农业研究所,福建省农业科学院亚热带农业研究所,福建省农业科学院亚热带农业研究所,福建省农业科学院亚热带农业研究所
  • 收稿日期:2017-03-01 修回日期:2017-10-09 接受日期:2017-04-20 出版日期:2017-11-27 发布日期:2017-11-27
  • 通讯作者: 郑开斌
  • 基金资助:
    福建省公益类项目“芳香植物提取物抗氧化活性研究”(2016R1012-6)；福建省公益类项目“芳香植物降血糖降血脂功效及配方研究” (2015R1013-1)；福建省农业科学院设施农业科技创新项目“香茅提取物对设施番茄的抗病害及保鲜作用研究”(2014CX-19)；福建省农科院科技下乡 “双百”行动“设施果蔬植物源杀菌剂的研发与示范”(sbmb1608)；福建省农业科学院科技创新团队PI 项目“植物源天然产物提取及功效评价” (2016PI-2)。

Chemical Composition and Antifungal Activities of Five Kinds of Essential Oil Against Alternaria solani

  • Received:2017-03-01 Revised:2017-10-09 Accepted:2017-04-20 Online:2017-11-27 Published:2017-11-27

摘要： [目的]为研究植物精油在开发生物农药的潜力，[方法]采用水蒸气蒸馏法提取肉桂、迷迭香、薰衣草、肉豆蔻、柠檬天竺葵等5种不同植物的精油，并用气相色谱—质谱联用的方法分析精油组分。以番茄早疫病菌为供试菌种，研究不同植物精油对其抑制作用。[结果]通过分析得到肉桂精油主要成分为反式肉桂醛（52.50%），迷迭香精油中1,8-桉叶素（20.69%）含量较多，薰衣草花精油主成分为丁酸沉香酯（33.92%）和芳樟醇（29.29%）；肉豆蔻精油主成分为GAMMA-萜品烯（13.00%）、（-）-4-萜品醇（12.84%）、2-蒈烯（10.37%），含量较低；柠檬天竺葵精油主成分皆为β-香茅醇（32.21%）。肉桂精油对于番茄早疫病菌丝生长的抑制作用最佳，其EC50为286.62 mg/L，肉豆蔻精油的抑制效果最弱。[结论]该研究为筛选抑菌的植物精油及开发肉桂精油在生物农药的应用提供了科学的依据。

关键词: 雨日, 雨日, 气候倾向率, 趋势系数, 武威市

Abstract: The aim is to study the potential of plant essential oils for developing biological pesticides. Five kinds of essential oil from Cinnamomum aromaticum, Rosmarinus officinalis, Lavandula pedunculata, Myristica fragrans, Pelargonium graveolens were extracted by hydrodistillation. The chemical composition of essential oil was analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Alternaria solani was used as the tested material, the inhibiting effect of different plant essential oils on Alternaria solani was studied. The results showed that the main component of C.aromaticum essential oil was trans-Cinnamaldehyde (52.50%), 1,8- cineole (20.69%) was the main component in R. officinalis essential oil, linalyl acetate (33.92%) and linalool (29.29%) were the main components in L. pedunculata essential oil, GAMMA-terpinene (13.00%), (-)-4- terpineol (12.84%) and 2-carene (10.37%) were the main components in M. fragrans essential oil, and β- Citronellol (32.21% ) was the main component in P. graveolens oil. C. aromaticum essential oil had the strongest inhibitory effect on the hypha growth of Alternaria solani with EC50 of 286.62 mg/L, while the inhibitory effect of M. fragrans essential oil was the weakest. This study provided a scientific basis for screening out plant essential oil with high antifungal activity and developing C. aromaticum essential oil in the application of biological pesticides.

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