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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2017, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (29): 116-123.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb17060090

• 资源 环境 生态 土壤 气象 • 上一篇    下一篇

不同有机物料对土壤基本化学性质及可溶性有机碳氮的影响

张玉军1,董士刚1,刘世亮1,张 弘1,李 影1,郭斗斗2,黄绍敏2,申凤敏1,姜桂英1   

  1. (1河南农业大学资源与环境学院,郑州 450002；2河南农业科学院植物营养与资源环境研究所,郑州 450002）
  • 收稿日期:2017-06-20 修回日期:2017-09-23 接受日期:2017-08-24 出版日期:2017-10-24 发布日期:2017-10-24
  • 通讯作者: 张玉军
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金“长期不同施肥下我国典型农田土壤碳饱和特征及周转机制”(41401327)；农业部植物营养与肥料学科群开放基金“华北潮土有机肥料的养分替代与秸秆还田机理与技术”（2014年）；国家重点研发计划重点专项项目“旱地轮耕轮作模式优化与肥沃耕层结构层次构建技术”(2016YFD0300803)。

Effect of Different Organic Materials on Soil Chemical Properties andDissolved Organic Carbon/Nitrogen

Zhang Yujun1, Dong Shigang1, Liu Shiliang1, Zhang Hong1, Li Ying1, Guo Doudou2, Huang Shaomin2, Shen Fengmin1, Jiang Guiying1   

  1. (1College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002;2Institute of Plant Nutrition, Resources and Environment, Henan Academy of Agricultural Science, Zhengzhou 450002)
  • Received:2017-06-20 Revised:2017-09-23 Accepted:2017-08-24 Online:2017-10-24 Published:2017-10-24

摘要： 通过研究不同有机物料替代对河南潮土化学性质及可溶性有机碳/氮(DOC/N)分布的影响，探讨潮土适宜有机物料替代比例。结果表明：不同有机物料替代较对照明显提高了土壤基本养分的含量。其中，秸秆替代化肥40%处理土壤有机质和土壤碱解氮的含量提高最明显分别达到13.4 g/kg、93.99 mg/kg；牛粪秸秆共同替代化肥30%~40%显著提升了土壤全氮、速效磷、速效钾含量，分别达到0.90 g/kg、2.94 mg/kg、224.97 mg/kg。秸秆单独替代较牛粪秸秆共同替代对土壤DOC提升效果好，其中秸秆替代化肥40%处理DOC含量最高达到15.45 mg/kg；而牛粪秸秆共同替代则提高了DON，其中牛粪秸秆共同替代化肥30%处理的DON含量最大，为12.88 mg/kg。牛粪秸秆共同替代化肥30%处理的可溶性有机质的SUVA254 nm最高[16.24 L/(g·cm)]，说明此处理有利于富含芳香环结构的有机质物质的积累。综上所述，其中秸秆替代40%和秸秆牛粪共同替代30%~40%对土壤基本肥力提升相对更明显。

关键词: 春大豆, 春大豆, 莆豆5号, 生长特性, 农艺措施

Abstract: For exploring the optimum ratio to substitute inorganic fertilizer in Fluvo-aquic soil, the field experiment with different organic material substitute different ratio of inorganic fertilizer was carried out. Compared with CK, the basic soil nutrients contents were improved under the treatments with different ratio of organic material substitution. Soil organic matter (13.4 g/kg) and available nitrogen (93.99 mg/kg) content were significantly elevated under 40% of inorganic fertilizer substitute by straw (S3) treatment. Soil total nitrogen (0.90 g/kg), available phosphorus (2.94 mg/kg), and available potassium (224.97 mg/kg) content were significantly higher under S3, 30 and 40% inorganic fertilizer substitute by straw and cattle manure combination (MS2 and MS3). The highest DOC content (15.45 mg/kg) occurred under S3, while highest DON content (12.88 mg/kg) appeared under MS2. The highest aromaticity index was under MS2. In sum, the organic material substitution different inorganic fertilizer was benefit to improve soil properties. Therein, 40% of inorganic fertilizer substitute by straw alone or 30 - 40% of it substitute by straw and cattle manure combination was the optimum ratio in Fluvo-aquic soil in Henan province.

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