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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2020, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (14): 34-40.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb19010050

所属专题： 油料作物

• 农学·农业基础科学 • 上一篇    下一篇

施氮量对高产春大豆光合特性及产量的影响

高阳1, 傅积海1, 章建新1(), 李思忠2   

  1. 1 新疆农业大学农学院,乌鲁木齐 830052
    2 新疆农业科学院经济作物研究所,乌鲁木齐 830091
  • 收稿日期:2019-01-09 修回日期:2019-04-17 出版日期:2020-05-15 发布日期:2020-05-20
  • 通讯作者: 章建新
  • 作者简介:高阳,男,1991年出生,陕西延安人,在读硕士,研究方向：作物生理。E-mail： 1290158843@qq.com。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目“大豆群体冠层翻叶生理效应及其对花荚形成的影响”(31660367)

Effects of Nitrogen Application on Photosynthetic Characteristics and Yield of High-yield Spring Soybean

Gao Yang1, Fu Jihai1, Zhang Jianxin1(), Li Sizhong2   

  1. 1 College of Agronomy, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052
    2 Research Institute of Cash Crops, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Science, Urumqi 830091
  • Received:2019-01-09 Revised:2019-04-17 Online:2020-05-15 Published:2020-05-20
  • Contact: Zhang Jianxin

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摘要：

为揭示不同施氮量对滴灌条件下高产春大豆不同冠层光合特性的影响规律,在大田条件下,研究4种施氮量(0、75、150、225 kg/hm 2)对高产春大豆植株形态特征及不同冠层叶片叶绿素含量、光合参数的影响。结果表明：增施氮肥显著提高大豆植株中上部节间长度、叶柄长度和叶形指数;提高大豆不同冠层叶片叶绿素含量,施氮处理使植株后期中上部叶片叶绿素含量的下降幅度较N0处理减缓1.31%~4.44%;提高不同生育时期不同冠层叶片的净光合速率(Pn),减缓了中后期不同冠层净光合速率的下降幅度;施氮增加产量,以N150产量较高,为4889.62 kg/hm 2,氮肥农学利用效率3.58 kg/kg。

关键词: 氮肥, 春大豆, 冠层结构, 光合特性, 产量

Abstract:

To reveal the effect of different nitrogen application rates on photosynthetic characteristics of different canopy layers of high-yield spring soybean under drip irrigation, under field condition, the effects of 4 nitrogen application levels (0, 75, 150 and 225 kg/hm 2) on the plant morphological characteristics, the chlorophyll content and photosynthetic parameters of different canopy leaves of high yield spring soybean were studied. The results showed that the increase of nitrogen fertilizer significantly increased the internode length, petiole length and leaf shape index of soybean plants; it also increased the chlorophyll content of different canopy leaves of soybean; the decrease of chlorophyll content in the middle and upper leaves of the plant treated with nitrogen fertilizer was 1.31%-4.44% lower than that of the N0 treatment. The net photosynthetic rate (Pn) of different canopy leaves at different growth stages increased, which slowed down the decline of net photosynthetic rate of different canopy layers at different mid-late stages. The production of N150 was relatively high, which was 4889.62 kg/hm 2. Agronomic efficiency of nitrogen fertilizer was 3.58 kg/kg.

Key words: nitrogen fertilizer, spring soybean, canopy layers structure, photosynthetic characteristics, yield

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