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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2023, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (1): 71-76.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2021-1211

• 林学·园艺·园林 • 上一篇    下一篇

稻田构建垄型土槽耦合基质栽培草莓的生产效应研究

金梅娟1,2(), 佘旭东1, 沈明星1,2(), 陆长婴1,2, 陶玥玥1,2, 王海候1,2   

  1. 1.苏州市农业科学院（江苏太湖地区农业科学研究所），江苏苏州 215000
    2.国家土壤质量相城观测实验站，江苏苏州 215155
  • 收稿日期:2021-12-24 修回日期:2022-04-01 出版日期:2023-01-05 发布日期:2022-12-27
  • 通讯作者: 沈明星
  • 作者简介:金梅娟，女，1989年出生，江苏常熟人，助理研究员，硕士，研究方向：生态循环农业模式及技术。通信地址：215000 江苏省苏州市吴中区临湖镇东山大道2351号 苏州市农业科学院（江苏太湖地区农业科学研究所），Tel：0512-65385097，E-mail：jinmei1989@126.com。
  • 基金资助:
    江苏省科技支撑项目“苏南平原种养系统物能高效循环技术集成创新与试点”(BE2013334);苏州市科技计划项目“沟渠水稻礁对稻田排水的氮削减机制”(SNG2020051);苏州市农业科学院科研基金项目“农业废弃生物质装备化处置及定制化利用技术创新”(21012)

Production Effect of Strawberry Cultured by Constructing Ridge-type Soil Groove Coupling Substrate in Paddy Field

JIN Meijuan1,2(), SHE Xudong1, SHEN Mingxing1,2(), LU Changying1,2, TAO Yueyue1,2, WANG Haihou1,2   

  1. 1. Suzhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences (Taihu Research Institute of Agricultural Sciences), Suzhou, Jiangsu 215000
    2. National Soil Quality Observation and Experimental Station in Xiangcheng, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215155
  • Received:2021-12-24 Revised:2022-04-01 Online:2023-01-05 Published:2022-12-27
  • Contact: SHEN Mingxing

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摘要：

为有效缓解“水稻-草莓”种植模式中水稻收获与草莓移栽的茬口时间矛盾，以草莓常规裸苗稻田起垄移栽为对照(CK)，以稻田构建垄型土槽耦合基质栽培草莓为处理(PR)，观测了不同栽培措施下草莓产量、干物质积累和叶片光合作用强度等指标。结果表明，PR处理下，草莓产量连续2年较CK明显增加，总产量增产率分别达53.97%和8.27%，其中对12月上旬至次年1月中旬的早期、1月下旬至3月中旬的中期草莓产量提升作用达显著水平，分别在试验第1年增加了0.49、6.19 t/hm2，在试验第2年增加了0.92、4.69 t/hm2；草莓的茎基宽、地上与地下部干物质量、净光合速率等性状均显著优于CK处理，表现为在试验第1年和第2年分别较CK处理增加40.65%和19.89%、42.51%和38.57%、49.01%和41.14%、9.16%和36.89%；应用垄型土槽耦合基质方式栽培草莓，有利于草莓早中期产量的增产、提升草莓种植的销售利润，符合中国现代农业以“稳粮增效、产业富民、绿色高效”的导向，具有较好推广利用价值。

关键词: 草莓, 垄型土槽, 基质, 产量

Abstract:

In order to effectively alleviate the time contradiction between rice harvest and strawberry transplanting in the rice-strawberry planting mode, the conventional bare-seedling rice ridge transplanting of strawberry was used as the control (CK), and the ridge soil groove coupling substrate cultivation of strawberry in paddy field was used as the treatment (PR). The strawberry yield, dry matter accumulation and photosynthetic intensity of leaves under the two treatments were observed. The results showed that under PR treatment, the yield of strawberry was significantly higher than that of CK in two consecutive years, and the total yield increase rate reached 53.97% and 8.27%, respectively. The improvement of strawberry yield from early December to mid-January of the following year (early stage) and from late January to mid-March (middle stage) reached a significant level, and the yield increased by 0.49 t/hm2 and 6.19 t/hm2 in the first year and by 0.92 t/hm2 and 4.69 t/hm2 in the second year. The stem base width, aboveground dry matter weight, underground dry matter weight, and net photosynthetic rate of strawberry in PR were significantly better than those in CK, increased by 40.65% and 19.89%, 42.51% and 38.57%, 49.01% and 41.14%, and 9.16% and 36.89% in the first year and the second year, respectively. The application of strawberry ridge-type soil groove coupling substrate cultivation is beneficial to increasing the yield of strawberry in the early and middle stages as well as the sales profit of strawberry planting. It is in line with the orientation of modern agriculture in China, which is ‘stabilizing grain production and increasing efficiency, increasing farmers’ income by industry, and developing green and efficient agriculture’. The technology has good promotion and utilization value.

Key words: strawberry, ridge-type soil groove, substrate, yield

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