多溴联苯醚在环境中的污染现状与毒理效应研究进展

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb17080018

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 多溴联苯醚(PBDEs)是中一类阻燃性能优异的溴系化合物,因此在世界各地被广泛的应用,大量生产和使用在各种工业产品中。经研究发现,PBDEs具有生物累积性、环境持久性,生物毒性和远距离传输特性,对环境有着持久性的污染。在2009年5月,《斯德哥尔摩公约》第4次缔约方大会已将五溴联苯醚和八溴联苯醚列为新型持久性有机污染物。许多国家已将其禁用。但是由于PBDEs在历史上的大量生产和使用,使得PBDEs及其衍生物(OH-PBDEs和MeO-PBDEs)已普遍存在于各种环境介质中,许多地方都检测到其残留,且在生物体中的富集。这会对水生生态系统和人类健康造成严重威胁。目前,学者们对于多溴联苯醚的研究主要在于它的迁移转化和生物分子毒性方面。本文重点综述了多溴联苯醚的应用概况、在环境中的残留及其对生物的毒性。并在此基础上提出尚需重点研究的问题,以期深入了解多溴联苯醚污染现状及其对生物和生态系统的潜在威胁,为积极采取多溴联苯醚危害防治措施、保护生物资源和生态系统提供可资借鉴的资料。

关键词: 花后高温, 花后高温, 稻米品质, 胚乳, 淀粉粒结构

Abstract: Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) are brominated compounds with excellent flame retardancy and are widely used in a wide range of applications and applications in a wide range of industrial products. It has been found that PBDEs have bioaccumulation, environmental persistence, biotoxicity and long distance transport properties, having a lasting pollution to the environment. In May 2009, the fourth session of the Conference of the Parties to the Stockholm Convention had classified pentabromodiphenyl ether and octabromodiphenyl ether as new persistent organic pollutants. Many countries have banned it. However, due to the extensive production and use of PBDEs in history, PBDEs and their derivatives (OH-PBDEs and MeO-PBDEs) have been widely found in various environmental media, and their residues have been detected in many places and in organisms Enrichment. This poses a threat to the aquatic ecosystem and human health. At present, scholars are paying attention to the study of polybrominated diphenyl ethers mainly in its migration, transformation and biomolecular toxicity. This paper focuses on the general application of polybrominated diphenyl ethers, residues in the environment and their toxicity to organisms. Put forward some valuable issues. Understand the status of PBDEs pollution and find out its potential threats to biological and ecosystems. In this way, we can provide useful information that can be used to protect the environment.

陈泽秋,陈家长,孟顺龙. 多溴联苯醚在环境中的污染现状与毒理效应研究进展[J]. 中国农学通报, 2018, 34(31): 91-98.

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