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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2019, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (14): 36-40.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb18070081

所属专题： 生物技术； 园艺

• 林学 园艺 园林 • 上一篇    下一篇

保水剂施用方式对杨树苗根系特性和土壤酶活性及生长的影响

井大炜1, 马海林2, 李庆国2, 杜振宇2, 刘方春2   

  1. 1.德州学院资源环境与规划学院;2.山东省林业科学研究院
  • 收稿日期:2018-07-19 修回日期:2018-08-22 接受日期:2018-08-24 出版日期:2019-05-15 发布日期:2019-05-15
  • 通讯作者: 李庆国
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学(31500513)；山东省农业重大应用技术创新课题“杨树超高产栽培关键技术研究”；山东省科技发展计划项目“山东省干旱瘠薄山地集雨造林关键技术研究”(2010GSF10621)资助。

Application Methods of Super Absorbent Polymers: Effect on Root Characters and Growth of Poplar Seedlings and Soil Enzyme Activities

  • Received:2018-07-19 Revised:2018-08-22 Accepted:2018-08-24 Online:2019-05-15 Published:2019-05-15

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摘要： 为探讨在减量灌溉条件下保水剂不同施用方式对杨树根系特性与生长的作用效果,以一年生杨树苗为试材,通过盆栽试验研究了在仅有常规灌溉量60%的条件下不施肥和保水剂(CK)、单施尿素(U)、单施保水剂(S)、保水剂-尿素混施(SUM)与保水剂-尿素凝胶(SUG)等处理对杨树苗根系特性、根际土壤酶活性及生长的影响。结果表明：同U处理相比,SUG处理显著提高了杨树苗的根系活力、根系总吸收面积与活跃吸收面积及根系分泌物含量,其中根系总吸收面积分别比CK、U、S与SUM处理显著高出189.73%、26.44%、34.97%与15.56%；同时,SUG处理亦明显增强了根际土壤脲酶、脱氢酶、多酚氧化酶和蔗糖酶活性。此外,SUG处理还显著促进了杨树苗株高与地径的生长,其中株高相比CK、U、S与SUM处理分别提高42.96%、14.67%、26.42%与7.72%,地径分别提高41.86%、17.88%、24.31%与10.37%。与SUG处理相比,S、SUM处理对杨树苗根系特性与生长的影响作用较小。综上,在减量灌溉条件下(60%常规灌溉量)施用保水剂的3种不同方式中,保水剂-尿素凝胶方式更利于改善杨树苗根系特性和增强土壤酶活性,并促进生长。这对于干旱、半干旱地区杨树人工林的节水高产栽培具有重要参考价值。

关键词: 苦瓜, 苦瓜, 均一化全长cDNA文库, EST分析

Abstract: The paper aims to explore the effects of different application methods of super absorbent polymers (SAPs) on root characters and growth of Populus euramericana ‘Neva’ seedlings under the condition of reducing the irrigation amount. Based on a pot experiment including 5 treatments, i.e. CK (neither fertilizer nor SAP was applied), U (urea was applied alone), S (SAP was applied alone), SUM (SAP was mixed with urea) and SUG (gel was made of SAP and urea), we studied the effects of application methods of SAPs on root characters and growth of Populus euramericana‘Neva’seedlings, and enzyme activities of rhizosphere soil. The results indicated that: compared with U treatment, the SUG treatment obviously improved the root activity, the total absorption area and the active absorption area of root, and the root exudate content of Populus euramericana ‘Neva’seedlings, meanwhile, SUG treatment obviously enhanced the activity of urease, dehydrogenase, polyphenol oxidase and invertase, additionally, the SUG treatment significantly promoted the growth of plant height and ground diameter. However, S and SUM treatments had less effect on the root characters and growth of Populus euramericana‘Neva’seedlings compared with SUG treatment. As a result, among the 3 application methods of SAPs, SUG treatment is beneficial to improving the root characters, enzyme activities, and promoting the growth of Populus euramericana‘Neva’seedlings under the condition of reducing the irrigation amount.