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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2019, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (35): 79-86.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb18080108

所属专题： 油料作物

• 资源 环境 生态 土壤 气象 • 上一篇    下一篇

施氮量对夏大豆干物质积累、转运规律及产量的影响

符小文, 徐文修, 李亚杰, 陈传信, 杜孝敬, 陈佳君   

  1. 新疆农业大学农学院
  • 收稿日期:2018-08-29 修回日期:2019-11-18 接受日期:2018-11-20 出版日期:2019-12-16 发布日期:2019-12-16
  • 通讯作者: 徐文修
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目“复播大豆高产低碳栽培技术体系及机理研究”(31560372)，“新疆北疆绿洲麦豆轮作周年氮肥减施调控机理研究” (31760371)；新疆维吾尔自治区研究生科研创新项目“施氮量对冬小麦-夏大豆轮作体系农田土壤氨挥发及其产量关系研究(XJGRI2017061)。

Effects of Different Nitrogen Levels on Dry matter Accumulation, Transfer and Yield of Summer Soybean

  • Received:2018-08-29 Revised:2019-11-18 Accepted:2018-11-20 Online:2019-12-16 Published:2019-12-16

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摘要： 2015—2016年连续两年在新疆伊宁县研究了施氮对夏大豆叶面积指数、干物质积累及产量的影响。结果表明,随施氮水平的增加,夏大豆叶面积指数、干物质积累量及产量呈先增后降低的趋势,以施氮150 kg.hm-2水平(N1)最大,施氮300 kg.hm-2水平(N2)次之。随生育进程的推进,夏大豆的叶面积指数呈先增后降的变化趋势,并在盛荚期达到峰值,即N1处理为5.59,分别较N0、N2提高了49.07%、13.39%。施氮提高了夏大豆干物质的最大相对生长速率及快速增长持续时间,两年平均花后干物质累积量均以N1处理最高为15.70 g.plant -1,较N0处理高出40.32%；施氮处理的花后干物质转运量及对豆荚的贡献率均显著高于不施氮处理,且两年均以N1最高,花后干物质转运量分别较N0、N2处理平均高53.33%、12.47%,贡献率分别较N0、N2处理提高了17.97%,4.23%。N1处理两年平均产量最高达2929.56 kg.hm-2,较N0、N2处理的平均产量分别提高29.42%、6.53%,且各处理产量差异显著。

关键词: 槐猪, 槐猪, 杜洛克猪, 瘦素基因(LEP), 瘦素受体基因(LEPR)

Abstract: The effects of nitrogen application on leaf area index, dry matter accumulation and yield of summer soybean were studied in Yining County of Xinjiang from 2015 to 2016. The results showed that the leaf area index, dry matter accumulation and yield of summer soybean increased first and then decreased with the increase of nitrogen application rates, and all were the highest at nitrogen application rate of 150 kg/hm2 (N1), followed by 300 kg/hm2 (N2). With the advancement of growth process, the leaf area index of summer soybean increased first and then decreased, reaching its peak value at full pod stage, and under N1 treatment, the leaf area index was 5.59, which was 49.07% and 13.39% higher than that of N0 and N2, respectively. Nitrogen application increased the maximum accumulation rate and duration of rapid growth of summer soybean dry matter. In the two years, the post-anthesis dry matter accumulation under N1 treatment was the highest of 15.70 g/plant, which was 40.32% higher than that of N0. The translocation and contribution of nitrogen treatment were significantly higher than that of non-nitrogen treatment, and N1 was the highest in the two years. The translocation was 53.33% and 12.47% higher than that of N0 and N2 treatment, respectively, and the contribution rate was 17.97% and 4.23% higher than that of N0 and N2 treatment, respectively. N1 had the highest yield of 2929.56 kg/hm2 by two years average, which was 29.42%, 6.53% higher than that of N0, N2, respectively, reaching the significant difference level.