干热河谷区余甘子不同器官中19种无机元素分布规律研究

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb20190900601

中国农学通报 ›› 2020, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (25): 60-66.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb20190900601

干热河谷区余甘子不同器官中19种无机元素分布规律研究

袁建民¹^,²(), 何璐¹^,²(), 杨晓琼¹^,², 许智萍¹^,², 赵琼玲¹^,², 瞿文林¹^,², 雷虓¹^,², 孔维喜¹^,²

¹云南省农业科学院热区生态农业研究所,云南元谋 651300
²云南元谋干热河谷植物园,云南元谋 651300

收稿日期:2019-09-03 修回日期:2019-11-27 出版日期:2020-09-05 发布日期:2020-08-18
通讯作者: 何璐
作者简介:袁建民,男,1984年出生,福建建宁人,助理研究员,硕士,主要从事热带作物资源研究。通信地址：651300 云南省楚雄州元谋县南城街150号云南省农业科学院热区生态农业研究所,Tel：0878-8225661,E-mail： 289980594@qq.com。
基金资助:
国家重点研发计划项目“西南干旱河谷区生态综合治理及生态产业发展技术研发”第六课题“西南干旱河谷特色生物资源利用技术研发”专题“特色植物资源罗望子与余甘子野生资源开发价值评估及品种培育”(2017YFC0505106-1)

Distribution of 19 Inorganic Elements in Different Organs of Phyllanthus emblica in Dry-hot Valley

Yuan Jianmin¹^,²(), He Lu¹^,²(), Yang Xiaoqiong¹^,², Xu Zhiping¹^,², Zhao Qiongling¹^,², Qu Wenlin¹^,², Lei Xiao¹^,², Kong Weixi¹^,²

¹Institute of Tropical Eco-agricultural Sciences, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Yuanmou Yunnan 651300
²Dry-hot Valley Botanic Garden, Yuanmou Yunnan 651300

Received:2019-09-03 Revised:2019-11-27 Online:2020-09-05 Published:2020-08-18
Contact: He Lu

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为研究余甘子不同器官中19种无机元素的分布规律,利用电感耦合等离子体发射光谱仪(ICP-OES)测定干热河谷区余甘子不同器官（根、茎、叶、果实、种子）中19种无机元素含量,并对其进行单因素方差分析、相关性分析、聚类分析和因子分析。结果表明,供试所有余甘子器官样品中均检出B、Cu、Fe、Mg、Mn、Ni、Zn、Ca、K、Na、P、S共12种元素;Se、Si、Co、Cr、Pb、Cd、Mo仅在个别器官样品中检出。不同器官中B、Cu、Fe、Mg、Mn、Ni、Zn、Ca、K、Na、P、S元素含量均存在极显著性差异(P<0.01),且存在极大值和极小值的特征。元素含量之间存在显著或极显著正（负）相关关系。B、Cu、Fe、Mg、Mn、Ni、Zn、Ca、K、Na、P、S共12种无机元素可将余甘子不同器官分为3类,种子、茎、叶片聚为第一类,果实为第二类,根为第三类。Fe、Na、Zn、Cu、Ca和B元素是余甘子不同器官中的特征性元素。表明不同器官对不同元素的吸收和分配具有一定选择性,无机元素之间存在相互作用。

关键词: 余甘子, 微波消解, 电感耦合等离子体发射光谱仪(ICP-OES), 无机元素, 分布规律

Abstract:

The contents of 19 inorganic elements in different organs (root, stem, leaf, fruit, and seed) of Phyllanthus emblica in dry-hot valley area of Jinsha River were determined by Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectrometer (ICP-OES). The distribution law of the 19 inorganic elements in different organs of P. emblica was studied by one-way ANOVA, correlation analysis, cluster analysis and factor analysis. The results showed that 12 elements (B, Cu, Fe, Mg, Mn, Ni, Zn, Ca, K, Na, P and S) were detected in all P. emblica samples tested. However, Se, Si, Co, Cr, Pb, Cd and Mo were only detected in individual organ samples. The contents of elements B, Cu, Fe, Mg, Mn, Ni, Zn, Ca, K, Na, P, S in different organs were significantly different (P<0.01), and had the characteristics of maximum and minimum values. Significant or extremely significant positive (negative) correlation existed between the contents of the 12 elements. Different organs of P. emblica could be divided into three categories by these 12 inorganic elements (B, Cu, Fe, Mg, Mn, Ni, Zn, Ca, K, Na, P and S). Among them, seed, stem and leaf clustered into the first type, fruit was the second type, and root was the third type. Fe, Na, Zn, Cu, Ca and B were the characteristic elements in different organs of P. emblica. The results indicate that different organs have certain selectivity on the absorption and distribution of different elements, and there are interactions between inorganic elements.

Key words: Phyllanthus emblica, microwave digestion, inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometer (ICP-OES), inorganic elements, distribution

中图分类号:

R284

袁建民, 何璐, 杨晓琼, 许智萍, 赵琼玲, 瞿文林, 雷虓, 孔维喜. 干热河谷区余甘子不同器官中19种无机元素分布规律研究[J]. 中国农学通报, 2020, 36(25): 60-66.

Yuan Jianmin, He Lu, Yang Xiaoqiong, Xu Zhiping, Zhao Qiongling, Qu Wenlin, Lei Xiao, Kong Weixi. Distribution of 19 Inorganic Elements in Different Organs of Phyllanthus emblica in Dry-hot Valley[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2020, 36(25): 60-66.

图/表 7

参考文献 32

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元素	波长/nm	元素	波长/nm	元素	波长/nm
B	249.773	Cr	267.716	Mo	202.030
Zn	206.200	Cd	214.441	Na	589.592
Fe	259.940	Cu	324.754	P	213.618
Mg	279.553	Co	228.615	S	180.672
Mn	257.610	Ca	317.933	Se	196.028
Ni	231.604	K	766.491	Si	251.611
Pb	220.353

元素	波长/nm	元素	波长/nm	元素	波长/nm
B	249.773	Cr	267.716	Mo	202.030
Zn	206.200	Cd	214.441	Na	589.592
Fe	259.940	Cu	324.754	P	213.618
Mg	279.553	Co	228.615	S	180.672
Mn	257.610	Ca	317.933	Se	196.028
Ni	231.604	K	766.491	Si	251.611
Pb	220.353

器官	B	Cu	Fe	Mg	Mn	Ni	Zn	Ca	K	Na
种子	1.49e	3.67b	7.33d	524.30a	42.14d	1.48c	55.49e	7754.00d	2416.00e	173.00e
果实	2.72c	22.33a	93.58c	421.30d	16.38e	1.64b	59.59d	1618.00e	10910.00d	232.70d
根	4.60b	1.26c	370.70a	517.50c	173.30a	2.68a	317.50a	11930.00b	28030.00a	2839.00a
茎	2.33d	0.05d	0.34e	524.00a	70.94c	0.46e	128.30b	17090.00a	24790.00b	721.80b
叶片	40.26a	3.81b	135.00b	522.90b	163.90b	1.31d	62.02c	10800.00c	16120.00c	373.50c
器官	P	S	Se	Si	Co	Cr	Pb	Cd	Mo
种子	3992.00c	1232.00d	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND
果实	2505.00d	601.40e	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND
根	5289.00a	6936.00a	ND	6.99	ND	ND	ND	ND	11.09
茎	4449.00b	2592.00b	ND	0.65	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND
叶片	3969.00e	2385.00c	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND

器官	B	Cu	Fe	Mg	Mn	Ni	Zn	Ca	K	Na
种子	1.49e	3.67b	7.33d	524.30a	42.14d	1.48c	55.49e	7754.00d	2416.00e	173.00e
果实	2.72c	22.33a	93.58c	421.30d	16.38e	1.64b	59.59d	1618.00e	10910.00d	232.70d
根	4.60b	1.26c	370.70a	517.50c	173.30a	2.68a	317.50a	11930.00b	28030.00a	2839.00a
茎	2.33d	0.05d	0.34e	524.00a	70.94c	0.46e	128.30b	17090.00a	24790.00b	721.80b
叶片	40.26a	3.81b	135.00b	522.90b	163.90b	1.31d	62.02c	10800.00c	16120.00c	373.50c
器官	P	S	Se	Si	Co	Cr	Pb	Cd	Mo
种子	3992.00c	1232.00d	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND
果实	2505.00d	601.40e	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND
根	5289.00a	6936.00a	ND	6.99	ND	ND	ND	ND	11.09
茎	4449.00b	2592.00b	ND	0.65	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND
叶片	3969.00e	2385.00c	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND

元素	Pr>F	元素	Pr>F	元素	Pr>F	元素	Pr>F
B	<0.0001	Mg	<0.0001	Zn	<0.0001	Na	<0.0001
Cu	<0.0001	Mn	<0.0001	Ca	<0.0001	P	<0.0001
Fe	<0.0001	Ni	<0.0001	K	<0.0001	S	<0.0001

干热河谷区余甘子不同器官中19种无机元素分布规律研究

Distribution of 19 Inorganic Elements in Different Organs of Phyllanthus emblica in Dry-hot Valley

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	B	Cu	Fe	Mg	Mn	Ni	Zn	Ca	K	Na	P	S
B	1.000
Cu	-0.153	1.000
Fe	0.115	-0.123	1.000
Mg	0.256	-0.980^**	0.044	1.000
Mn	0.598	-0.588	0.734	0.564	1.000
Ni	-0.095	0.113	0.866	-0.140	0.414	1.000
Zn	-0.253	-0.415	0.837	0.270	0.608	0.638	1.000
Ca	0.104	-0.886^*	0.036	0.805	0.499	-0.353	0.411	1.000
K	0.033	-0.425	0.580	0.261	0.627	0.134	0.777	0.673	1.000
Na	-0.185	-0.393	0.886	0.260	0.656	0.698	0.995^**	0.362	0.752	1.000
P	-0.007	-0.896^*	0.507	0.819	0.713	0.264	0.773	0.791	0.645	0.759	1.000
S	-0.023	-0.547	0.864	0.431	0.784	0.620	0.967^**	0.497	0.781	0.977^**	0.853	1.000

项目	主成分
项目	1	2	3	4
特征值	6.90	2.89	1.43	0.78
方差贡献率/%	57.49	24.11	11.90	6.50
累计方差贡献率/%	57.49	81.60	93.50	100.00

因子	F₁	F₂	F₃	因子	F₁	F₂	F₃
B	-0.10	0.09	0.98	Zn	0.92	0.34	-0.20
Cu	-0.13	-0.95	-0.12	Ca	0.07	0.97	-0.01
Fe	0.98	-0.03	0.22	K	0.62	0.51	-0.04
Mg	0.03	0.91	0.23	Na	0.95	0.30	-0.12
Mn	0.63	0.46	0.62	P	0.55	0.81	0.00
Ni	0.86	-0.34	0.07	S	0.90	0.44	0.02

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