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中国农学通报 ›› 2022, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (10): 61-69.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2021-1008

• 林学·园艺·园林 • 上一篇    下一篇

大同古城墙萱草应用调查与分析

刘昌胜(), 王金耀, 李森, 邢国明   

  1. 山西农业大学园艺学院,山西太谷 030800
  • 收稿日期:2021-10-25 修回日期:2022-02-15 出版日期:2022-04-05 发布日期:2022-05-23
  • 作者简介:刘昌胜,男,1993年出生,山西大同人,在读研究生,研究方向:农业工程与信息技术。通信地址:030800 山西晋中市太谷区山西农业大学园艺学院,E-mail: ljg810@139.com

The Investigation and Analysis of Hemerocallis Application Around Datong Ancient City Wall

LIU Changsheng(), WANG Jinyao, LI Sen, XING Guoming   

  1. College of Horticulture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi 030800
  • Received:2021-10-25 Revised:2022-02-15 Online:2022-04-05 Published:2022-05-23

摘要:

调查萱草在大同古城墙周边带状绿地的应用、配植状况,记录萱草种类、种植面积、斑块形状、种植方式、应用形式,并从与萱草配植植物的种类、应用频度、观赏特征以及配植方式、群落结构等方面进行分析。调查萱草应用的斑块样地68个,斑块总面积19808 m2,萱草总面积16883 m2,其中‘大同’黄花面积最大,北黄花菜、大花萱草、‘金娃娃’和‘红运’萱草种植面积较小。萱草应用方式主要是花境栽植;种植方式有片植和丛植2种。与萱草一同种植的风景树、绿篱、草本地被植物共有58种,应用频率较高的前10位是油松、铺地柏、山杏、山桃、山楂、丁香、水蜡、丝棉木、八宝景天、三七景天。分析与萱草一同种植植物的观赏特点,观赏季节主要在春、夏、秋三季;观赏部位占比观花>观叶>观果>观干;春季观赏以红色系为主,夏季观赏以绿色系为主,秋季观赏以黄色系为主。萱草应用植物群落垂直结构有2、3、4层,最常见的是3层“乔—灌—草”结构和4层“乔—灌—矮灌—草”结构,植物层次自然丰富。萱草斑块植物多样性显示,物种丰富度、物种Simpson指数、Shannon-Wiener指数为灌木层>乔木层>草本层,Pielou均匀度指数乔木层>灌木层>草本层。建议增加萱草和常绿植物的种类和应用数量,并强化大同黄花文化品牌效应。

关键词: 萱草, 大同古城墙, 植物配植, 调查分析, 带状绿地, 绿地斑块

Abstract:

The paper investigated the application and planting design of Hemerocallis in the linear green space around Datong ancient city wall, recorded the species, planting area, patch shape, planting pattern and application form, and carried out the analysis from the aspects of planting design species, application frequency, ornamental characteristics, planting methods and community structure. There were 68 patch plots for Hemerocallis application, covering 19808 m2, and the Hemerocallis planting area was 16883 m2, wherein, ‘Datong’ daylily had the largest planting area, and H. lilioasphodelus, H. middendorffi, H. fulva ‘Golden Doll’ and H. ‘Batimore orioie’ had relatively small planting area. Flower border was the main form in Hemerocallis application, and its planting patterns were mainly the bunch planting and group planting. There were 58 kinds of landscape trees, hedgerow plants and herbaceous ground cover plants in the planting design with Hemerocallis, and the top ten plants with high application frequency were Pinus tabulaeformis, Sabina procumbens, Prunus armeniaca, Prunus davidiana, Crataegus pinnatifida, Syringa chinensis, Ligustrum obtusifolium, Euonymus bungeanus, Hylotelephium erythrostictum and Sedum aizoon. As to the ornamental features of plants, the ornamental seasons were spring, summer and autumn, and the ornamental parts were flower> leaf> fruit> trunk; for the main color system, it was mainly red, green and yellow in spring, summer and autumn, respectively. There were 2-layer, 3-layer and 4-layer vertical structure of Hemerocallis applied plant community, and the most common two were the 3-layer ‘tree- shrub- herb’ and the 4-layer ‘tree- shrub- dwarf shrub- herb’, the plant community was natural and rich. The diversity analysis of green patch plants of Hemerocallis indicated that the sequence of species richness, Simpson index and Shannon-Wiener index were shrub layer> tree layer> herbaceous layer, and the Pielou index was tree layer> shrub layer> herbaceous layer. It is suggested to increase the species and applied quantity of Hemerocallis and evergreen plants in the planting design, and to enhance the cultural brand effect of Datong daylily.

Key words: Hemerocallis, Datong ancient city wall, planting design, investigation and analysis, linear green space, green patches

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