不同地质年代火山森林土壤甲烷氧化通量及其影响因素

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2021-1093

中国农学通报 ›› 2022, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (31): 83-92.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2021-1093

所属专题：生物技术

• 资源·环境·生态·土壤 • 上一篇下一篇

不同地质年代火山森林土壤甲烷氧化通量及其影响因素

沙刚¹(), 阴红彬¹, 曹宏杰¹^,², 谢立红¹, 黄庆阳¹, 徐明怡¹^,²()

¹黑龙江省科学院自然与生态研究所,哈尔滨 150040
²湿地与生态保育国家地方联合工程实验室,哈尔滨 150040

收稿日期:2021-11-15 修回日期:2022-01-22 出版日期:2022-11-05 发布日期:2022-10-27
通讯作者: 徐明怡
作者简介:沙刚,男,1981年出生,黑龙江哈尔滨人,工程师,学士,主要从事土壤生态学研究。通信地址：150040 黑龙江省哈尔滨市香坊区哈平路103号黑龙江省科学院生物多样性重点实验室,Tel：0451-58939389,E-mail： 735799464@qq.com。
基金资助:
中央引导地方科技发展专项“黑龙江省湿地与恢复生态学重点实验室”(ZY20B15);黑龙江省重点研发计划“黑龙江省生态安全屏障功能研究”(GA21C030);黑龙江省科学院基金项目“五大连池新期火山熔岩台地香杨矮曲林土壤微生物对氮沉降的响应研究”(KY2021ZR03)

Methane Oxidation Flux in Volcanic Forest Soil of Different Geological Ages and Its Influencing Factors

SHA Gang¹(), YIN Hongbin¹, CAO Hongjie¹^,², XIE Lihong¹, HUANG Qingyang¹, XU Mingyi¹^,²()

¹Institute of Natural Resources and Ecology, Science Academy of Heilongjiang Province, Harbin 150040
²National and Provincial Joint Engineering Laboratory of Wetlands and Ecological Conservation, Harbin 150040

Received:2021-11-15 Revised:2022-01-22 Online:2022-11-05 Published:2022-10-27
Contact: XU Mingyi

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

CH₄作为一种强效的温室气体对全球气候变暖贡献巨大,森林土壤是重要的大气甲烷汇。明确不同地质年代火山岩母质发育的森林土壤甲烷氧化通量特征,以期为温带森林生态系统碳循环规律研究提供一定的科学依据。以五大连池火山保护区内3座不同地质的年代火山为对象,山口湖保护区内一座海拔高度相似的山丘为对照,采用静态气箱-气相色谱法,分析了甲烷氧化通量及其与环境因子的相关性。结果表明,不同采样点南北坡间土壤总有机碳含量均存在显著差异(P<0.05),老黑山（300年）与东焦得布（17万~19万年）和北格拉球（70万~80万年）之间存在显著差异,呈逐渐增加的趋势;土壤总氮含量除老黑山外,不同坡向间差异显著(P<0.05)。土壤速效养分含量呈逐渐增加的变化趋势且北坡均高于南坡。老黑山、东焦得布、北格拉球和山口湖甲烷氧化通量日变化范围分别为44.58~68.35、108.65~138.23、74.72~118.05、78.26~105.34 µg/(m²·h);上午8:00—10:00左右甲烷氧化通量为全天最大值;甲烷氧化通量24 h平均值东焦得布最高,与其他采样点差异显著(P<0.05)。南北坡向甲烷氧化通量月际变化特征相似,均呈单峰曲线模式,6月甲烷氧化通量达到最大值。东焦得布甲烷年氧化通量高于老黑山和北格拉球,差异显著(P<0.05)。甲烷氧化通量与0~5 cm土壤温度呈显著的指数相关,与0~5 cm土壤含水量呈线性相关。综上所述,火山喷发时间的差异决定了土壤养分含量的差异;长期土壤发育过程导致不同母质的土壤养分含量及理化性质出现趋同性。甲烷氧化通量昼高夜低,土壤发育时间影响甲烷氧化通量,甲烷氧化通量受多种环境因子的综合影响。

关键词: 地质年代, 火山, 森林土壤, 甲烷氧化通量, 时间动态, 五大连池

Abstract:

Methane (CH₄), a potent greenhouse gas, contributes significantly to global warming, and forest soil is an important sink of atmospheric CH₄. This study was conducted to clarify the characteristics of methane oxidation fluxes in forest soil developed from volcanic rock parent materials of different geological ages, aiming to provide a scientific basis for the study of carbon cycle in temperate forest ecosystems. Three volcanoes of different geological ages in the Wudalianchi Volcanic Reserve were selected as research objects, and a hill of similar elevation in the same area with different genesis in the SKH Reserve was taken as control, to analyze the characteristics of soil methane oxidation fluxes and their influencing factors by using static chamber - gas chromatography method. The results showed that the total soil organic carbon content differed significantly (P<0.05) between the north and south slopes of different sampling sites, while there was remarkable changes between LHS (formed 300 years ago) and DJDB and BGLQ (formed 170000-190000 and 700000-800000 years ago, respectively), which showed a trend of gradual increase. The total soil nitrogen content differed significantly (P<0.05) between the north and south slopes, except that of LHS. Soil available nutrients’ contents of the north slope were higher than those of the south slope at different sampling sites, which showed gradual upward trends with geological ages. The diurnal fluctuation of methane oxidation fluxes, which were measured at LHS, DJDB, BGLQ and SKH, ranged from 44.58-68.35, 108.65-138.23, 74.72-118.05 and 78.26-105.34 µg/(m²·h), respectively; and the methane oxidation fluxes reached the peak from 8 a.m. to 10 a.m.. The diurnal average value of methane oxidation fluxes was the highest at DJDB, which differed significantly from that of the other sampling sites (P<0.05). The monthly variation trends of methane oxidation fluxes in the north and south slopes were similar, which showed a single-peak curve pattern, and the peak of methane oxidation fluxes was observed in June. The annual variation of methane oxidation fluxes of DJDB was remarkably higher than that of LHS and BGLQ (P<0.05). Soil methane oxidation fluxes showed a significantly exponential correlation with soil temperature at 0-5 cm, and a linear correlation with soil water content at 0-5 cm. In summary, the differences of volcanic eruption periods determined the differences of soil nutrients’ contents. Pedogenesis processes could lead to the convergence of soil nutrients’ contents and physicochemical properties of different parent materials. The diurnal of methane oxidation fluxes generally manifested a higher value in the daytime and a lower value in the night. The ages of soil development influenced soil CH₄ oxidation fluxes which were affected by multiple environmental factors.

Key words: geological ages, volcano, forest soil, methane oxidation flux, temporal dynamics, Wudalianchi

中图分类号:

Q938.1

沙刚, 阴红彬, 曹宏杰, 谢立红, 黄庆阳, 徐明怡. 不同地质年代火山森林土壤甲烷氧化通量及其影响因素[J]. 中国农学通报, 2022, 38(31): 83-92.

SHA Gang, YIN Hongbin, CAO Hongjie, XIE Lihong, HUANG Qingyang, XU Mingyi. Methane Oxidation Flux in Volcanic Forest Soil of Different Geological Ages and Its Influencing Factors[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2022, 38(31): 83-92.

图/表 10

参考文献 40

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采样点	形成时间	植被类型	土壤类型
老黑山(LHS)	300年	针阔混交林	火山灰土、火山石质土
东焦得布山(DJDB)	17万~19万年	落叶阔叶林	火山灰土、暗棕壤性火山灰土
北格拉球山(BGLQ)	70万~ 80万年	落叶阔叶林	火山灰土、暗棕壤性火山灰土
山口湖(SKH)	25亿年	落叶阔叶林	暗棕壤

采样点	形成时间	植被类型	土壤类型
老黑山(LHS)	300年	针阔混交林	火山灰土、火山石质土
东焦得布山(DJDB)	17万~19万年	落叶阔叶林	火山灰土、暗棕壤性火山灰土
北格拉球山(BGLQ)	70万~ 80万年	落叶阔叶林	火山灰土、暗棕壤性火山灰土
山口湖(SKH)	25亿年	落叶阔叶林	暗棕壤

采样点	a		b		参数
	a		b		N	R²		P
	S	N	S	N	N	S	N	S	N
LHS	18.922	13.605	0.0513	0.0819	14	0.4268	0.6293	<0.007	<0.002
DJDB	23.663	27.042	0.1069	0.1069	14	0.7558	0.5766	<0.001	<0.003
BGLQ	27.818	25.794	0.0748	0.1081	14	0.7014	0.8206	<0.001	<0.001
SKH	28.352	27.65	0.0835	0.0865	14	0.7403	0.5089	<0.001	<0.005

采样点	a		b		参数
	a		b		N	R²		P
	S	N	S	N	N	S	N	S	N
LHS	18.922	13.605	0.0513	0.0819	14	0.4268	0.6293	<0.007	<0.002
DJDB	23.663	27.042	0.1069	0.1069	14	0.7558	0.5766	<0.001	<0.003
BGLQ	27.818	25.794	0.0748	0.1081	14	0.7014	0.8206	<0.001	<0.001
SKH	28.352	27.65	0.0835	0.0865	14	0.7403	0.5089	<0.001	<0.005

采样点	a		b		参数
	a		b		N	R²		P
	S	N	S	N	N	S	N	S	N
LHS	2.0468	-0.9592	13.325	54.002	14	0.3563	0.3352	<0.05	<0.05
DJDB	-3.0945	-2.3355	178.01	162.69	14	0.14	0.5306	>0.05	<0.01
BGLQ	-4.259	-1.5426	188.57	145.54	14	0.3877	0.241	<0.05	>0.05
SKH	-2.4915	-1.371	138.37	122.08	14	0.2776	0.1508	>0.05	>0.05

不同地质年代火山森林土壤甲烷氧化通量及其影响因素

Methane Oxidation Flux in Volcanic Forest Soil of Different Geological Ages and Its Influencing Factors

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	AP	AK	TOC	TN	NH₄⁺-N	DOC	SMBC	SMBN
L-S	0.145	-0.500^*	-0.549^*	-0.382	0.485^*	-0.066	0.475^*	0.450
D-S	-0.164	-0.260	-0.567^*	-0.338	0.848^**	-0.078	0.375	0.264
B-S	-0.280	0.616^**	0.404	0.342	0.186	0.905^**	0.803^**	0.523^*
S-S	-0.669^**	-0.137	-0.686^**	-0.724^**	0.276	0.548^*	0.579^*	0.135
L-N	-0.154	-0.147	0.054	-0.054	0.320	0.047	0.280	0.380
D-N	-0.575^*	0.073	-0.564^*	-0.493	0.080	0.670^**	-0.380	-0.378
B-N	-0.472^*	-0.458	-0.381	-0.438	0.040	0.032	0.082	0.027
S-N	-0.317	-0.798^**	-0.396	-0.457	0.308	-0.339	-0.621^*	-0.552^*

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