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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2023, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (15): 46-51.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2022-0393

• 林学·园艺·园林 • 上一篇    下一篇

魔芋实生种子发育习性及适宜采收期的研究

刘二喜1(), 胡中立2, 赵楚锋2, 王林3, 朱永要3, 杨朝柱1()   

  1. 1 恩施土家族苗族自治州农业科学院，湖北恩施 445000
    2 武汉大学生命科学院，武汉 430072
    3 恩施州克肥克魔芋科技有限公司，湖北咸丰 445600
  • 收稿日期:2022-05-15 修回日期:2022-08-15 出版日期:2023-05-25 发布日期:2023-05-22
  • 通讯作者: 杨朝柱，男，1972年出生，湖北恩施人，正高职高级农艺师，博士研究生，主要从事魔芋育种和品质改良工作。通信地址：445000 湖北省恩施市施州大道517号 恩施土家族苗族自治州农业科学院，Tel：0718-8414857，Email：ychzhaau2003@yahoo.com.cn。
  • 作者简介:

    刘二喜，男，1985年出生，湖北石首人，高级农艺师，硕士研究生，主要从事魔芋种质资源评价与杂交品种培育工作。通信地址：445000 湖北省恩施市施州大道517号 恩施土家族苗族自治州农业科学院，Tel：0718-8414857，E-mail：。

  • 基金资助:
    恩施州科技项目“魔芋远缘杂交制种全程机械化关键技术的研发与示范”(20200022); 湖北省“三区科技人才”项目(2022-263); 宜昌市科技项目“魔芋热带品种资源的引种、驯化及栽培示范”(A20-4-013)

Study on Growth Characteristics and Suitable Harvest Period of Amorphophallus konjac Seeds

LIU Erxi1(), HU Zhongli2, ZHAO Chufeng2, WANG Lin3, ZHU Yongyao3, YANG Chaozhu1()   

  1. 1 Enshi Autonomous Prefecture Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Enshi, Hubei 445000
    2 College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072
    3 Kefeike Konjac Technology Co., Ltd., Xianfeng, Hubei 445600
  • Received:2022-05-15 Revised:2022-08-15 Online:2023-05-25 Published:2023-05-22

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摘要：

为了揭示魔芋实生种子生育期与适宜采收期的关系。以花魔芋为材料，监测其发育习性，根据发育进程来判定种子的适宜收获期。结果表明：花魔芋实生种子发育特性符合Logistic生长模型，根据生长特点可划分为3个阶段：一是发生期，受精后1~30 d；二是转色膨大期，受精后30~70 d；三是成熟期，受精后70~100 d。受精后110~140 d为过熟期。花魔芋实生种子2年间的生育期分别为120.8±20.3 d、100.3±12.8 d，且其生育期与百粒重存在一定正相关性。种子萌发实验表明成熟度高的种子萌发率高。花魔芋种子的适宜采收期为成熟期(90~100 d)，此时果皮完全转为橙红色、种皮转为黑褐色、种子含水量在60.8%~62.2%。本研究为魔芋实生种子的适宜收获期提供了基础数据。

关键词: 花魔芋, 实生种子, 发育, 适宜采收期, 生育期, 百粒重

Abstract:

In order to reveal the relationship between the growth period and the suitable harvest period of konjac seeds, the growth characteristics of konjac seeds were monitored to determine the suitable harvest period of Amorphophallus konjac seeds. The results showed that the growth characteristics of konjac seeds accorded with Logistic growth model. According to the growth characteristics, the growth period could be divided into three stages, including the emergence stage (1 to 30 days after fertilization), the rapid expansion stage (30-70 days after fertilization), and the full ripe stage (70-100 days after fertilization). 110-140 days after fertilization was the overripe stage. The growth period of konjac seeds was 120.8 ± 20.3 days and 100.3 ± 12.8 days in two years, respectively, and there was certain correlation between the growth period and 100-grain weight. Besides, the germination test showed that high level of seed maturity had high germination rate. The suitable harvest period of konjac seeds was the full ripe stage (90-100 days), when the pericarp completely turned orange-red, the seed coat turned black-brown, and the seed water content was 60.8%-62.2%. These results can provide basic data for suitable harvest period of konjac seeds.

Key words: Amorphophallus konjac, seed, growth and development, suitable harvest period, growth period, 100-grain weight