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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2023, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (19): 16-21.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2022-0487

• 林学·园艺·园林 • 上一篇    下一篇

吉林向海自然保护区沙丘榆林65种植物繁殖体重量比较研究

闫守刚1(), 刘志民2, 李晓东3()   

  1. 1 枣庄学院旅游与资源环境学院，山东枣庄 277160
    2 中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所荒漠化防治组，沈阳 110016
    3 滨州学院山东省黄河三角洲生态环境重点实验室，山东滨州 256603
  • 收稿日期:2022-06-15 修回日期:2023-02-06 出版日期:2023-07-05 发布日期:2023-07-03
  • 通讯作者: 李晓东，男，1977年出生，山东东营人，讲师，博士，研究方向：遥感应用。通信地址：256600 山东省滨州市黄河五路391号，Tel：0543-3190016，E-mail：xiaodonglee@126.com。
  • 作者简介:

    闫守刚，男，1972年出生，山东临沂人，副教授，博士，研究方向：沙丘植被过程。通信地址：277160 山东省枣庄市市中区枣庄学院南校区硕士2号楼一单元，Tel：0632-3786737，E-mail：。

  • 基金资助:
    中国科学院战略性科技先导专项(A)子课题“草地生态保育与功能提升技术与应用”(XDA23060403); 滨州学院博士科研启动基金项目“基于高分系列卫星数据的黄河三角洲湿地综合生态状况评估”(801002020107); 自然资源部滨海盐沼湿地生态与资源重点实验室开放课题“不同时空尺度生态背景下湿地变化检测及其湿地类型的相应机制”(KLCSMERMNR2021103)

The Comparative Study on Propagule Weights of 65 Plant Species in the Xianghai Natural Reserve of Jilin Province

YAN Shougang1(), LIU Zhimin2, LI Xiaodong3()   

  1. 1 College of Tourism, Resources and Environment, Zaozhuang University, Zaozhuang, Shandong 277160
    2 Desertification Control Research Group, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016
    3 Shandong Key Laboratory of Eco-environmental Science for Yellow River Delta, Binzhou University, Binzhou, Shandong 256603
  • Received:2022-06-15 Revised:2023-02-06 Online:2023-07-05 Published:2023-07-03

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摘要：

以吉林西部向海自然保护区沙丘榆林65种植物为研究对象，比较研究植物繁殖体（19种种子，46种果实）的重量，分析半干旱生境中不同类型植物繁殖对策的功能差异及其在植被更新进化过程中的作用。结果表明：（1）65种植物中繁殖体为种子的植物单粒重分为4个组别(<0.1、0.1~1、1~10、10~100 mg)，繁殖体为果实的植物单粒重分为5个组别(<0.1、0.1~1、1~10、10~100、100~200 mg)。（2）植物繁殖体的单粒重差别极大，最轻的列当种子为0.0096 mg，最重的蒺藜果实为131.50 mg。（3）刺藜、剪股颖、小香蒲、野艾蒿、尖头叶藜、狗尾草、蒲公英、拂子茅、驴耳风毛菊、山苦菜等植物繁殖体重量轻，能够借助风力传播等外力作用在保护区广泛分布。（4）刺藜、列当、星星草、翻白委陵菜、尖头叶藜、麦瓶草、平车前、帚枝千屈菜、狗尾草、百里香、戟叶蓼、箭头唐松草、蓬子菜、狭叶泽芹的繁殖体不但重量轻(<1 mg)且形状呈近圆球形，推测其可能具有持久土壤种子库。半干旱沙区植物借助繁殖体形态形成特殊的繁殖对策，在一定程度上降低了种群生存的风险，对种群持续繁衍具有重要生态意义。

关键词: 繁殖体, 单粒重, 土壤种子库, 繁殖对策, 荒漠化, 植被恢复

Abstract:

Taking 65 plant species in the elm forests of sand dunes in Xianghai Natural Reserve of western Jilin Province as the research object, the weights of plant propagules (19 kinds of seeds, 46 kinds of fruits) were compared, and the functional differences of reproductive strategies of different plant types in semi-arid habitat and their roles in the evolution of vegetation regeneration were analyzed. The results indicated that the individual weight of plants whose propagules were seeds was divided into 4 groups (<0.1, 0.1-1, 1-10, and 10-100 mg), the individual weight of plants whose propagules were fruits was divided into 5 groups (<0.1, 0.1-1, 1-10, 10-100, and 100-200 mg). The weight per seed or fruit of the plant propagules varied greatly, from 0.0096 mg for the lightest seed of Orobanche coerulescens to 131.50 mg for the heaviest fruit of Tribulus terrestris. The plant species, such as Chenopodium aristatum, Agrostis clavata, Typha minima, Artemisia lavandulaefolia, Chenopodium acuminatum, Setaria viridis, Taraxacum mongolicum, Calamagrostis epigejos, Saussurea amara and Ixeris chinensis, could distribute widely in the Xianghai Natural Reserve on account of the lighter weight of propagules with the help of wind dispersal. Moreover, the plant species, such as Chenopodium aristatum, Orobanche coerulescens, Puccinellia tenuiflora, Potentilla discolor, Chenopodium acuminatum, Silene jenisseensis, Plantago depressa, Lythrum virgatum, Setaria viridis, Thymus serpylium, Polygonum thunbergii, Thalictrum simplex, Galium verum and Sium suave, could be of persistent soil seed banks on account of the lighter weight (<1 mg) and approximate spherosome shape of propagules. In semi-arid sandy areas, plants form special reproductive strategies with the help of propagule morphology, which reduces the risk of population survival to a certain extent and has an important ecological significance for sustainable population reproduction.

Key words: propagule, individual grain weight, soil seed bank, reproductive strategy, desertification, vegetation restoration