海藻寡糖在绿色农业发展中的研究与应用

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2023-0586

中国农学通报 ›› 2024, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (17): 63-72.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2023-0586

• 资源·环境·生态·土壤·气象 • 上一篇下一篇

海藻寡糖在绿色农业发展中的研究与应用

吴宇凡¹(), 王鸿睿¹, 樊浩杰¹, 郭锋骁¹, 徐雪人¹, 王峰², 李聪¹()

¹ 重庆交通大学河海学院，重庆 400074
² 浙江省农业科学院环境资源与土壤肥料研究所，杭州 310021

收稿日期:2023-08-07 修回日期:2023-12-04 出版日期:2024-06-15 发布日期:2024-06-11
通讯作者:
李聪，男，1984年出生，山东枣庄人，教授，博士，研究方向：农用生物制剂研发。通信地址：400074 重庆交通大学河海学院，Tel：023-62652714，E-mail：415184413@qq.com。
作者简介:
吴宇凡，男，1999年出生，宁夏银川人，在读研究生，研究方向：农用生物制剂研发。通信地址：400074 重庆市南岸区重庆交通大学知园小区，E-mail：igkine@foxmail.com。
基金资助:
重庆市教育委员会科学技术研究项目“噬菌藻捕食污泥细菌机理研究及其在污泥有机物资源化中的应用”(KJQN2020007); 重庆市人力资源和社会保障局留创计划创新类项目“基于多功能藻的污泥资源化利用技术的研发”(cx2020041)

Research and Application of Seaweed Oligosaccharides in the Development of Green Agriculture

WU Yufan¹(), WANG Hongrui¹, FAN Haojie¹, GUO Fengxiao¹, XU Xueren¹, WANG Feng², LI Cong¹()

¹ School of River and Ocean Engineering, Chongqing Jiaotong University, Chongqing 400074
² Institute of Environmental Resources and Soil & Fertilizer, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021

Received:2023-08-07 Revised:2023-12-04 Published:2024-06-15 Online:2024-06-11

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

中国化肥和农药使用量仍位居高水平状态，阻碍绿色农业发展。海藻寡糖可有效促进绿色农业的可持续发展、提高农业生产效率、保证粮食生产安全。对海藻寡糖系统总结了分类、制备技术及在农业领域的作用和应用现状。首先，对海藻寡糖进行了分类和结构的概述，其次详细讨论了海藻寡糖的物理制备法、化学制备法和生物制备法，并分别从海藻寡糖提高肥料利用率和土壤肥力，农作物增产提质，诱导农作物抗病性方面探讨了海藻寡糖在农业方面的应用。结果表明：海藻寡糖具备提高肥料利用率、帮助农作物增产提质、改善农作物提高抗病性等农业功能。最后，对海藻寡糖在农业生产领域的应用前景进行了展望，为进一步推动海藻寡糖助力实现绿色农业发展提供了参考与借鉴。

关键词: 海藻寡糖, 寡糖制备, 寡糖功效, 增产提质, 绿色农业

Abstract:

The extensive use of fertilizers and pesticides in China has impeded the development of green agriculture. Seaweed oligosaccharides can promote sustainable green agriculture, enhance agricultural production efficiency, and ensure food safety. This study presented a comprehensive overview of seaweed oligosaccharides, including their classification, preparation techniques and agricultural applications. First, the classification and structure of seaweed oligosaccharides were outlined. Next, the physical, chemical and biological preparation methods of seaweed oligosaccharides were discussed in detail. The applications of seaweed oligosaccharides in improving fertilizer utilization, soil fertility, crop yield and quality, and disease resistance were then explored. The results demonstrated that seaweed oligosaccharides had the agricultural functions in fertilizer utilization, crop yield and quality and disease resistance enhancement. Finally, the future prospects of applying seaweed oligosaccharides in agricultural production were put forward, providing valuable insights to further promote their role in achieving green agriculture development.

Key words: seaweed oligosaccharides, oligosaccharide preparation, oligosaccharide benefits, yield enhancement and quality improvement, green agriculture

吴宇凡, 王鸿睿, 樊浩杰, 郭锋骁, 徐雪人, 王峰, 李聪. 海藻寡糖在绿色农业发展中的研究与应用[J]. 中国农学通报, 2024, 40(17): 63-72.

WU Yufan, WANG Hongrui, FAN Haojie, GUO Fengxiao, XU Xueren, WANG Feng, LI Cong. Research and Application of Seaweed Oligosaccharides in the Development of Green Agriculture[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2024, 40(17): 63-72.

图/表 7

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方法	作用机理	优缺点	参考文献
缓释肥料	延长释放肥料的时间并使其与农作物吸收养分的时间相匹配	优点：方便快捷；有效提高利用率；反应农作物本身需求缺点：成本高；易受环境影响	[68⇓-70]
脲酶抑制剂硝化抑制剂	抑制尿素水解，减少NH₃的挥发，抑制硝化反硝化产生的N₂O	优点：有效减少氮素损失缺点：抑制剂成本高；含有重金属的抑制剂不适合在农业领域应用；易造成环境污染	[71-72]
实时氮肥管理	利用叶片颜色反应供氮量情况的特性，可结合实地氮肥管理	优点：提高氮肥利用效率；环境污染小缺点：实施难度高；受限于环境因素；传感器和数据分析技术成本高	[70,73]
海藻寡糖增效肥料	吸附NH₄⁺，阻止其向硝态氮的转化；使土壤微酸化使磷活化，促进植物吸收；吸附K⁺促进植物吸收	优点：促进氮、磷、钾的吸收与利用；提高土壤肥力；减少土壤酸化缺点：海藻寡糖生产成本高	[74]

方法	作用机理	优缺点	参考文献
缓释肥料	延长释放肥料的时间并使其与农作物吸收养分的时间相匹配	优点：方便快捷；有效提高利用率；反应农作物本身需求缺点：成本高；易受环境影响	[68⇓-70]
脲酶抑制剂硝化抑制剂	抑制尿素水解，减少NH₃的挥发，抑制硝化反硝化产生的N₂O	优点：有效减少氮素损失缺点：抑制剂成本高；含有重金属的抑制剂不适合在农业领域应用；易造成环境污染	[71-72]
实时氮肥管理	利用叶片颜色反应供氮量情况的特性，可结合实地氮肥管理	优点：提高氮肥利用效率；环境污染小缺点：实施难度高；受限于环境因素；传感器和数据分析技术成本高	[70,73]
海藻寡糖增效肥料	吸附NH₄⁺，阻止其向硝态氮的转化；使土壤微酸化使磷活化，促进植物吸收；吸附K⁺促进植物吸收	优点：促进氮、磷、钾的吸收与利用；提高土壤肥力；减少土壤酸化缺点：海藻寡糖生产成本高	[74]

海藻寡糖在绿色农业发展中的研究与应用

Research and Application of Seaweed Oligosaccharides in the Development of Green Agriculture

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