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中国农学通报 ›› 2025, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (13): 26-31.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2024-0672

• 林学·园艺·园林 • 上一篇    下一篇

配比施肥对山核桃幼树叶绿素荧光特性及光合生理的影响

季琳琳1,2(), 孙维敏1,2, 陈素传1,2(), 王斐1,2, 付逍遥1,2, 崔灿1,2, 吴志辉3, 张俊佩4   

  1. 1 安徽省林业科学研究院,合肥 230031
    2 安徽沙河林木育种国家长期科研基地,安徽滁州 239004
    3 宁国市林业事业发展中心,安徽宁国 242300
    4 林木遗传育种全国重点实验室/国家林业和草原局林木培育重点实验室/中国林业科学研究院林业研究所,北京 100091
  • 收稿日期:2024-11-08 修回日期:2025-03-20 出版日期:2025-05-05 发布日期:2025-05-07
  • 通讯作者:
    陈素传,男,1971年出生,安徽天长人,研究员,本科,主要从事经济林研究。通信地址:230038 安徽省合肥市高新区黄山路618-1号 安徽省林业科学研究院,Tel:0551-62631558,E-mail:
  • 作者简介:

    季琳琳,女,1981年出生,安徽泗县人,副研究员,研究生,主要从事经济林研究。通信地址:230038 安徽省合肥市高新区黄山路618-1号 安徽省林业科学研究院,Tel:0551-62631558,E-mail:

  • 基金资助:
    安徽省重点研究与开发计划项目“山核桃良种繁育及关键栽培技术创新与应用”(202204c06020001); “十四五”国家重点研发计划课题“核桃、油橄榄和文冠果优质高产新品种创制与精准栽技术”(2022YFD2200402)

Effects of Proportional Fertilization on Chlorophyll Fluorescence Characteristics and Photosynthetic Physiology of Carya cathayensis Seedling

JI Linlin1,2(), SUN Weimin1,2, CHEN Suchuan1,2(), WANG Fei1,2, FU Xiaoyao1,2, CUI Can1,2, WU Zhihui3, ZHANG Junpei4   

  1. 1 Anhui Academy of Forestry, Hefei 230031
    2 Anhui Shahe Forest Breeding National Long-term Scientific Research Base, Chuzhou, Anhui 239004
    3 Forestry Development Center of Ningguo City, Ningguo, Anhui 242300
    4 State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding/ Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding and Cultivation of the State Forestry and Grassland Administration/ Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091
  • Received:2024-11-08 Revised:2025-03-20 Published:2025-05-05 Online:2025-05-07

摘要: 探究配比施肥对山核桃幼林光合生理及叶绿素荧光特性的影响,为山核桃幼林的施肥管理提供技术参考。采用L9(34)正交试验设计,于2023年5月12日进行氮、磷、钾3因素3水平的配比施肥试验,以不施肥为对照,8月17日测定不同处理山核桃叶片光合生理指标及山核桃荧光特性,对山核桃不同施肥处理开展综合评价。结果表明,施肥显著提高了山核桃叶片的叶绿素a+b含量;极显著提高了叶片净光合速率,T3处理(尿素32.61 g/株,过磷酸钙333.33 g/株,氯化钾129.04 g/株)山核桃净光合速率(Pn)最高,为16.59 μmol/(m2·s);T4处理(尿素65.22 g/株,过磷酸钙83.33 g/株,氯化钾64.52 g/株)蒸腾速率Tr最高,为7.49 mmol/(m2·s),极显著高于对照。不同配方施肥均显著提高了山核桃叶片Y()、qPNPQFv/Fm;T1处理(尿素32.61 g/株,过磷酸钙83.33 g/株,氯化钾32.26 g/株)Y()最高(0.53),CK、T7处理最低(0.49);T5处理(尿素65.22 g/株,过磷酸钙166.66 g/株,氯化钾129.04 g/株)qP最高(0.79);T8处理NPQ最高(0.99);T3处理Fv/Fm最高(0.81)。PnTrY()极显著正相关。根据隶属函数值,T3处理施肥效果最好,对山核桃光合生理特性影响最大。

关键词: 山核桃, 幼树, 配比施肥, 光合生理, 荧光特性, 综合评价

Abstract:

This study investigated the effects of proportional fertilization on chlorophyll fluorescence characteristics and photosynthetic physiology in Carya cathayensis seedlings to provide technical guidance for fertilization management during seedlings cultivation. Using an L9(34) orthogonal experiment design with non-fertilization as control, three fertilization factors (N, P, K) were applied on May 12, 2023. Chlorophyll fluorescence parameters and photosynthetic physiological indices were measured on August 17, followed by comprehensive evaluation of different treatments. Fertilization significantly increased the chlorophyll (a+b) content and net photosynthetic rate (Pn). The T3 treatment (urea 32.61 g/plant, calcium superphosphate 333.33 g/plant, potassium chloride 129.04 g/plant) achieved the highest Pn [16.59 μmol/(m2·s)]. The T4 treatment (urea 65.22 g/plant, calcium superphosphate 83.33 g/plant, potassium chloride 64.52 g/plant) showed the highest transpiration rate [Tr=7.49 mmol/(m2·s)], significantly exceeding the control. All fertilization formulas significantly improved photochemical efficiency [Y()], photochemical quenching (qP), non-photochemical quenching (NPQ), and maximum quantum yield (Fv/Fm). The T1 treatment (urea 32.61 g/plant, calcium superphosphate 83.33 g/plant, potassium chloride 64.52 g/plant) yielded the highest Y () (0.53), and CK, T7 treatment was the lowest (0.49). T5 (urea 65.22 g/plant, calcium superphosphate 166.66 g/plant, potassium chloride 129.04 g/plant) achieved peak qP (0.79). The T8 treatment showed maximum NPQ (0.99), and T3 attained the highest Fv/Fm (0.81). Strong positive correlations were observed between Pn and both Tr (P<0.01) and Y() (P<0.01). Based on membership function analysis, T3 demonstrated optimal fertilization effects, exerting the greatest influence on photosynthetic characteristics.

Key words: Carya cathayensis, seedlings, proportional fertilization, chlorophyll fluorescence, physiology, comprehensive evaluation