欢迎访问《中国农学通报》,

中国农学通报 ›› 2025, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (19): 95-102.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2024-0804

• 资源·环境·生态·土壤·气象 • 上一篇    下一篇

家禽粪肥还田试验中农田土壤抗生素常见耐药基因的消减变化研究

顾鹏坤1,2,3(), 秦立得1,3, 田桐旭1,2, 向文君1,3, 曹旭敏1,3, 高玉斌1,3, 赵建梅1,3, 郝小静4, 赵格1,3(), 王君玮1,3()   

  1. 1 中国动物卫生与流行病学中心致病微生物监测室,山东青岛 266032
    2 青岛农业大学动物医学院,山东青岛 266109
    3 农业农村部动物生物安全风险预警及防控重点实验室(南方),山东青岛 266032
    4 青岛市畜牧工作站,山东青岛 266100
  • 收稿日期:2024-12-23 修回日期:2025-05-19 出版日期:2025-07-05 发布日期:2025-07-10
  • 通讯作者:
    赵格,女,1979年出生,山东青岛人,副研究员,博士,主要从事畜禽产品中常见食源性致病微生物的风险监测、风险评估和控制技术研究。通信地址:266032 山东省青岛市中国动物卫生与流行病学中心,Tel:0532-85621475,E-mail:
    王君玮,男,1968年出生,山东临沂人,研究员,博士,主要从事致病微生物及其耐药风险监测溯源与评估预警技术研究、实验室生物安全风险评估模式研究。通信地址:266032 山东省青岛市中国动物卫生与流行病学中心,Tel:0532-85621475,E-mail:
  • 作者简介:

    顾鹏坤,男,2003年出生,山东临沂人,本科,主要从事细菌耐药性方向研究。通信地址:266109 山东省青岛市青岛农业大学,Tel:0532-58957222,E-mail:

  • 基金资助:
    青岛市科技惠民示范专项项目“蛋鸡抗菌药物减量化关键技术创新与标准化示范”(24-1-8-xdny-21-nsh); 中国动物卫生与流行病学中心畜禽粪便潜在风险因子监测创新基金项目“家禽粪肥还田过程风险监测”(DW2022005)

Research on Attenuation Dynamics of Common Antibiotic Resistance Genes in Agricultural Soils During Poultry Manure Return Experiment

GU Pengkun1,2,3(), QIN Lide1,3, TIAN Tongxu1,2, XIANG Wenjun1,3, CAO Xumin1,3, GAO Yubin1,3, ZHAO Jianmei1,3, HAO Xiaojing4, ZHAO Ge1,3(), WANG Junwei1,3()   

  1. 1 China Animal Health and Epidemiology Center, Laboratory of Pathogenic Microorganism Surveillance, Qingdao, Shandong 266032
    2 College of Veterinary Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong 266109
    3 Key Laboratory of Animal Biosafety Risk Prevention and Control (South), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Qingdao, Shandong 266032
    4 Qingdao Animal Husbandry Workstation, Qingdao, Shandong 266100
  • Received:2024-12-23 Revised:2025-05-19 Published:2025-07-05 Online:2025-07-10

摘要:

探讨家禽粪肥携带耐药因子在还田试验中的传播和消减变化,更好防控养殖粪污资源化利用的耐药风险传播。选取温室大棚农田模拟粪肥还田试验,在不同时间监测不同施肥量土壤中耐药基因(ARGs)的变化,共收集样品90份,包括未经处理的土壤、新鲜鸡粪、有机肥和施用2种粪肥的土壤,用PCR方法检测14种鸡源常见微生物耐药性对应的代表性ARGs。结果显示,在各类样品中均可检测到blaNDMtetMsul1sul2sul3aadA基因;在未施肥土壤样品中,fexAcfr基因未检测到阳性,而在粪肥中检测到阳性,这导致施肥后试验土壤受到污染,但随时间推移试验土壤中检测阳性率下降;在未施肥土壤中检测到blaTEMblaCTX-MermAermBfloR基因,而后续研究发现施用粪肥尤其是有机肥的阳性检出有所降低。综上所述,当前粪肥还田试验农田土壤已经携带较高含量的ARGs,家禽粪肥中携带的耐药基因对试验土壤短期有一定污染,施用有机肥有助于减少土壤ARGs的污染。

关键词: 家禽, 粪肥还田试验, 试验土壤, 耐药基因, 消减变化

Abstract:

To investigate the transmission and attenuation of antibiotic resistance factors carried by poultry manure in field application experiments, and to better control the spread of antibiotic resistance risks during the resource utilization of livestock manure, a greenhouse-based farmland simulation experiment was conducted. Soil samples with different fertilization rates were monitored over time for changes in antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs). A total of 90 samples were collected, including untreated soil, fresh chicken manure, organic fertilizer and soil amended with these two types of manure. PCR was used to detect 14 representative ARGs corresponding to common antimicrobial resistance traits in poultry-derived microorganisms. The results showed that genes such as blaNDM, tetM, sul1, sul2, sul3 and aadA were detected in all sample types. The fexA and cfr genes were not detected in untreated soil samples, but were detected in manure, which led to contamination of the fertilized soil. However, the positive detection rate of these genes in soil decreased over time. Additionally, genes including blaTEM, blaCTX-M, ermA, ermB and floR were detected in untreated soil, but subsequent studies found reduced detection rates in soil amended with manure, particularly organic fertilizer. In conclusion, the current field experiments revealed that farmland soil amended with poultry manure carries a high risk of ARGs. While poultry manure introduces short-term ARG contamination to the soil, the application of organic fertilizer helps mitigate ARG pollution in the soil over time.

Key words: poultry, manure application experiment, experimental soil, antibiotic resistance genes, attenuation dynamics