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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2025, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (19): 87-94.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2025-0081

• 资源·环境·生态·土壤·气象 • 上一篇    下一篇

盐碱地有机肥与微生物菌肥复配施用对有机枸杞叶片生理特性及产量、品质的影响

苏明1(), 刘萍涛1, 洪自强1, 李翻过1, 孙怡欣2, 刘祥婷2, 杨涓2(), 康建宏1()   

  1. 1 宁夏大学农学院，银川 750021
    2 宁夏大学生命科学学院，银川 750021
  • 收稿日期:2025-02-06 修回日期:2025-05-17 出版日期:2025-07-05 发布日期:2025-07-10
  • 通讯作者:
    杨涓，女，1970年出生，甘肃天水人，教授，硕士，主要从事植物生物学研究。通信地址：750021 银川市西夏区贺兰山西路539号，E-mail：。
    康建宏，男，1968年出生，宁夏青铜峡人，教授，硕士，主要从事作物生态生理研究。通信地址：750021 银川市西夏区贺兰山西路489号，E-mail：。
  • 作者简介:

    苏明，男，1999年出生，安徽铜陵人，硕士研究生，主要从事作物生态生理研究。通信地址：750021 银川市夏区贺兰山西路489号，E-mail：。

  • 基金资助:
    宁夏回族自治区重点研发计划项目“有机枸杞生境优化与微生态调控植保新模式研究”(2021BEF02007); 宁夏科学自然基金“宁夏枸杞果皮蜡质积累相关基因的挖掘与表达分析研究”(2023AAC03125)

Effects of Compound Application of Organic Fertilizer and Microbial Fertilizer on Leaves Physiological Characteristics and Yield and Quality of Organic Lycium barbarum in Saline and Alkaline Land

SU Ming1(), LIU Pingtao1, HONG Ziqiang1, LI Fangou1, SUN Yixin2, LIU Xiangting2, YANG Juan2(), KANG Jianhong1()   

  1. 1 College of Agriculture, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021
    2 College of Life Sciences, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021
  • Received:2025-02-06 Revised:2025-05-17 Published:2025-07-05 Online:2025-07-10

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摘要：

为探究有机肥与微生物菌肥复配施用对宁夏地区盐碱地有机枸杞光合特性、抗氧化能力以及产量品质的影响，于2023年在宁夏银川市镇北堡团结村刘传敬有机枸杞专业合作社枸杞基地开展肥料试验，共设置4种施肥处理，分别为单施有机肥(MD)、有机肥与微生物菌肥复配施用(MPG)、单施微生物菌肥(MP)和不施任何肥料（绝对对照，CK），分析枸杞叶片生理特性与产量品质的相互关系。结果表明，施用微生物菌肥可显著提高枸杞光合参数、增加抗氧化能力、抑制脂膜过氧化产物的积累，从而显著提升其产量和品质，整体以MPG处理表现最佳。与CK相比，经MD、MPG和MP处理的净光合速率(Pn)、气孔导度(Gs)、蒸腾速率(Tr)和SPAD分别增加47.83%~122.09%、32.26%~69.31%、36.74%~96.94%和3.65%~25.52%，超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)和过氧化氢酶活性(CAT)分别增加3.22%~12.30%、8.59%~28.53%和2.76%~32.76%，类黄酮含量、枸杞多糖含量、甜菜碱含量和总干果产量分别增加7.07%~40.46%、18.70%~28.43%、1.22%~35.37%和23.80%~55.43%。相关性分析表明，产量与Pn、Ci、Tr、SPAD呈极显著正相关，类黄酮含量、枸杞多糖含量和甜菜碱含量与Pn、Ci、Tr、SPAD、SOD、POD和CAT等生理特性指标呈显著或极显著正相关，品质和产量指标均与MDA呈显著或极显著负相关。主成分分析表明，各处理综合得分表现为MPG>MP>MD>CK。因此，有机肥与微生物菌肥复配施用能持续改善枸杞叶片的SPAD值、Pn、Gs和Tr，优化其叶片的抗氧化能力，抑制MDA的积累，进而促进植株生长并显著提高类黄酮、多糖、甜菜碱含量和产量。

关键词: 有机枸杞, 盐碱地, 微生物菌肥, 有机肥, 光合特性, 抗氧化能力, 产量, 品质, 经济效益

Abstract:

The paper aims to investigate the effects of compound application of organic fertilizers with microbial fertilizers on photosynthetic characteristics, antioxidant capacity and yield and quality of organic Lycium barbarum in saline and alkaline land in Ningxia region. In 2023, a fertilizer experiment was carried out at the wolfberry base of Liu Chuanjing Organic Wolfberry Professional Cooperative in Zhenbeibao Unity Village, Yinchuan City, Ningxia. Four fertilizer treatments were set up, namely, single application of organic fertilizers (MD), organic fertilizers and balanced light and photosynthetic fungal fertilizers compost rotting furrow application (MPG), single application of balanced, photosynthetic fungal fertilizers (MP), and no application of any fertilizers (absolute control, CK), and the results were obtained by analyzing the interrelationships between the leaf physiological characteristics and yield quality of wolfberry. The results showed that: the application of microbial fungal fertilizer could significantly improve the photosynthetic parameters of L. barbarum, increase the antioxidant capacity, and inhibit the accumulation of lipid membrane peroxidation products, thus significantly improving its yield and quality, and the overall performance of MPG treatment was the best. Compared with CK, the net photosynthetic rate (Pn), stomatal conductance (Gs), transpiration rate (Tr) and SPAD were increased by 47.83%-122.09%, 32.26%-69.31%, 36.74%-96.94%, and 3.65%-25.52%, respectively, with MD, MPG, and MP treatments; meanwhile, superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD) and catalase activity (CAT) increased by 3.22%-12.30%, 8.59%-28.53% and 2.76%-32.76%, respectively; whereas flavonoids content, Lycium barbarum polysaccharide content, betaine content and total dry fruit yield increased by 7.07%-40.46%, 18.70%-28.43%, 1.22%-35.37% and 23.80%-55.43%. Correlation analysis showed that the L. barbarum yield was positively correlated with Pn, Ci, Tr and SPAD in a highly significant way; flavonoids content, polysaccharide content and betaine content were positively correlated with physiological characteristics such as Pn, Ci, Tr, SPAD, SOD, POD and CAT in a significant or highly significant way; while the quality and yield indicators were negatively correlated with MDA in a significant or highly significant way. The principal component analysis showed that the composite score of each treatment was MPG>MP>MD>CK. Therefore, the compound application of organic fertilizers with microbial fertilizers could consistently improve the SPAD value, Pn, Gs and Tr of L. barbarum leaves; optimize the antioxidant capacity of L. barbarum leaves and inhibit the accumulation of MDA; and then promote the growth of the plant and significantly increase the content of flavonoids, polysaccharide, betaine, and yield.

Key words: organic Lycium barbarum, saline soil, microbial fertilizer, organic fertilizer, photosynthetic properties, antioxidant capacity, yield, quality, economic benefits