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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2025, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (26): 130-138.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2025-0158

• 工程·机械·水利·装备 • 上一篇    下一篇

中国水禽养殖设施装备研究现状与科技创新建议

柏宗春1,2(), 王慧鑫1,2, 周忠凯1,2, 韩国锋1,2, 霍连飞1,2, 段恩泽1,2, 赵世达1,2   

  1. 1 江苏省农业科学院农业设施与装备研究所， 南京 210014
    2 农业农村部长江中下游设施农业工程重点实验室， 南京 210014
  • 收稿日期:2024-03-03 修回日期:2025-05-16 出版日期:2025-10-12 发布日期:2025-10-12
  • 作者简介:

    柏宗春，男，1981年出生，研究员，博士，研究方向：智能养殖装备。通信地址：210014 江苏省南京市玄武区钟灵街50号 江苏省农业科学院农业设施与装备研究所，Tel：025-84391884，E-mail：。

  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发项目课题“叠层笼养高效养殖关键设施设备研发与集成应用”(2024YFD1300904); 国家重点研发项目课题“叠层笼养高效养殖关键设施设备研发与集成应用”(1022〕); 国家重点研发项目课题“叠层笼养高效养殖关键设施设备研发与集成应用”(3023〕); 江苏省现代农机装备与技术推广项目“网床养殖种鸭种蛋智能收集和标记系统研发”(NJ2023-21); “低应激肉鸡自动出栏技术与装备研发应用”(NJ2024-08)

Research Status and Technological Innovation Strategies for Facilities and Equipment of Waterfowl in China

BAI Zongchun1,2(), WANG Huixin1,2, ZHOU Zhongkai1,2, HAN Guofeng1,2, HUO Lianfei1,2, DUAN Enze1,2, ZHAO Shida1,2   

  1. 1 Institute of Agricultural Facilities and Equipment, Jiangsu Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Nanjing 210014
    2 Key Laboratory of Protected Agriculture Engineering in the Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing 210014
  • Received:2024-03-03 Revised:2025-05-16 Published:2025-10-12 Online:2025-10-12

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摘要：

中国水禽养殖量和消费量位居世界第一，引领世界水禽行业发展。本研究综述了中国水禽养殖各个环节的设施装备应用现状，着重探讨以层叠笼养为代表的现代化养殖模式对产业升级的推动作用，并对水禽养殖设施装备存在的问题进行总结，以此提出“十五五”期间水禽养殖设施装备科技创新的主要研究与发展方向。整体来看，中国水禽养殖技术体系已具有全球绝对优势，但相较于肉鸡、蛋鸡等成熟畜禽产业，在养殖理念革新、集约化生产模式构建、精准化技术集成应用及全产业链协同发展策略等维度仍存在显著提升空间。针对当前产业转型需求，亟需重点突破立体笼养模式下环境智能调控、行为精准监测、疫病动态防控等核心技术装备研发，通过创新“工艺—装备—标准”三位一体的层叠式养殖技术体系，实现水禽高效健康养殖的装备化升级与标准化生产范式建立。本研究旨在通过全产业链视角揭示水禽养殖设施装备的优化路径与创新方向，为中国水禽规模化养殖绿色高质高效转型升级提供参考。

关键词: 畜禽养殖, 水禽, 层叠笼养, 设施设备, 智能装备

Abstract:

China ranks first in the world in both waterfowl production and consumption, leading the global development of the waterfowl industry. This study reviews the current application status of facilities and equipment across all stages of waterfowl farming in China, with a focus on the role of modern farming model of stacked cage systems in driving industrial upgrading. It also summarizes existing challenges in facility and equipment deployment and proposes key research and development directions for technological innovation in waterfowl farming equipment during the '15th Five-Year Plan' period. Overall, China’s waterfowl farming technology system holds a globally dominant position. However, compared with more mature livestock sectors such as broiler and layer chicken farming, there remains significant room for improvement in areas including the modernization of farming concepts, the construction of intensive production models, the integrated application of precision technologies, and the development of synergistic strategies across the entire industrial chain. In response to current industrial transformation needs, there is an urgent requirement to advance core technologies and equipment in environmental intelligent control, precise behavioral monitoring, and dynamic disease prevention and control under the stacked cage farming model. Through the innovation of an integrated ‘process-equipment-standard’ farming system, the industry can achieve equipment-based upgrading and standardized production for efficient and healthy waterfowl farming. This paper aims to identify optimization paths and innovation directions for waterfowl farming facilities and equipment from a full-industry-chain perspective, providing a reference for the green, high-quality, and efficient transformation and upgrading of large-scale waterfowl farming in China.

Key words: livestock and poultry farming, waterfowl, three-dimensional cage farming, facilities and equipment, intelligent equipment