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中国农学通报 ›› 2026, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (18): 95-99.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2026-0075

• 资源·环境·生态·土壤·气象 • 上一篇    下一篇

微波消解-电感耦合等离子体质谱法同时测定土壤中12种金属元素的含量

王芸1,2(), 贾亮亮3(), 曹月明1,2, 于聪灵1,2, 田江涛1,2   

  1. 1 河北省地质实验测试中心, 河北保定 071052
    2 河北省矿产资源与生态环境监测重点实验室, 河北保定 071052
    3 河北省水文工程地质勘查院, 石家庄 050021
  • 收稿日期:2026-01-23 修回日期:2026-06-18 出版日期:2026-09-25 发布日期:2026-09-24
  • 通讯作者:
    贾亮亮,男,1983年出生,河北廊坊人,正高级工程师,研究生,主要从事水质与土壤分析研究。通信地址:050021 河北省水文工程地质勘查院,Tel:0311-86321898,E-mail:。
  • 作者简介:

    王芸,女,1982年出生,河北石家庄人,高级工程师,本科,主要从事土壤与岩石矿物分析研究。通信地址:071052 河北省地质实验测试中心,Tel:0312-3388032,E-mail:。

  • 基金资助:
    保定市科技计划项目“污泥尾矿等多元固废协同制备士壤改性材料研究”(2541ZF121)

Simultaneous Determination of 12 Metal Elements in Soil by Microwave Digestion-Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry

WANG Yun1,2(), JIA Liangliang3(), CAO Yueming1,2, YU Congling1,2, TIAN Jiangtao1,2   

  1. 1 Hebei Research Center for Geoanalysis, Baoding, Hebei 071052
    2 Hebei Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources and Ecological Environment Monitoring, Baoding, Hebei 071052
    3 Hebei Province Institute of Hydrology and Engineering Geological Prospecting, Shijiazhuang 050021
  • Received:2026-01-23 Revised:2026-06-18 Published:2026-09-25 Online:2026-09-24

摘要:

通过测定土壤中金属元素(如铅、镉等重金属)的含量,可以评估对农作物的潜在影响,为环境质量评估、区域规划及政策制定提供数据支撑。本研究基于HNO3-HCl-HF三元酸体系的微波消解技术,结合电感耦合等离子体质谱法,建立了一种高效、准确的土壤金属元素同步测定方法。该方法对仪器参数和消解条件进行了优化,实现了对土壤中铜、锌、镉、铅、铬等12种金属元素的精准定量。结果表明:各元素的方法检出限低至0.007~1.52 mg/kg,相对标准偏差为0.8%~5.0%,加标回收率为83.0%~108.0%。该方法操作简单、酸试剂用量少、灵敏度高、准确度高,适合满足土壤样品中多种金属元素批量分析的需求,为土壤环境质量评估和生态安全保障提供了强有力的技术支撑。

关键词: 微波消解, 电感耦合等离子体质谱法, 金属元素, 土壤

Abstract:

The determination of metal elements (such as lead, cadmium and other heavy metals) in soil can be used to assess potential impacts on crops and provide data support for environmental quality assessment, regional planning and policy formulation. In this study, based on the microwave digestion technology of HNO3-HCl-HF ternary acid system, combined with inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, an efficient and accurate method for simultaneous determination of soil metal elements was established. After optimizing the instrument parameters and digestion conditions, the method realized the accurate quantification of 12 metal elements such as copper, zinc, cadmium, lead and chromium in soil. The results showed that the method detection limits of all elements were in the range of 0.007-1.52 mg/kg, the relative standard deviations were 0.8%-5.0%, and the spike recoveries were 83.0%-108.0%. This method had the advantages of simple operation, low acid consumption, low detection limit and high accuracy, which is suitable for the batch analysis of multiple metal elements in soil samples. It provides a strong technical support for soil environmental quality assessment and ecological security.

Key words: microwave digestion, inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, metallic elements, soil

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