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中国农学通报 ›› 2016, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (33): 75-80.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb16060083

• 农学 农业基础科学 • 上一篇    下一篇

高粱新技术育种的实践与探讨

王良群,杨伟,刘勇,郝艳芳,张微,白鸿雁,武擘   

  1. 山西省农科院高粱研究所,山西农科院高粱研究所,山西农科院高粱研究所,山西农科院高粱研究所,山西农科院高粱研究所,山西农科院高粱研究所,山西农科院高粱研究所
  • 收稿日期:2016-06-16 修回日期:2016-07-29 接受日期:2016-08-23 出版日期:2016-11-25 发布日期:2016-11-25
  • 通讯作者: 王良群
  • 基金资助:
    山西省科技厅攻关项目“高粱组培育种技术在矮秆高产品种选育中的应用”(20150311003-2)。

Practice and Discussion on New Sorghum Breeding Technology

  • Received:2016-06-16 Revised:2016-07-29 Accepted:2016-08-23 Online:2016-11-25 Published:2016-11-25

摘要: 高粱育种新技术是指除传统的自然选择育种和人工杂交育种以外的育种技术,主要包括组培育种、航天育种、物理诱变育种、化学诱变育种和转基因育种以及其他一些具有较大潜力的育种技术。笔者曾对多种高粱育种新技术进行了长期研究应用,目前已建立了高粱育种新技术体系,筛选出了优良恢复系材料,育成了优良杂交种。本文以笔者的研究应用实践为基础并结合相关的研究报道,对不同育种新技术的特点、研究应用中存在的问题及潜力进行了探讨。着重指出,与常规育种相比,高粱育种新技术具有以下主要特点:适用于改变个别简单遗传性状;育种周期短,后代稳定快,田间试验规模小:变异量相对较小但能获得新的特异性状。

关键词: 土地利用变化, 土地利用变化, 定量模型, 区域差异, 山东省

Abstract: New sorghum breeding technology infers any other breeding techniques except traditional natural selection breeding and artificial cross breeding. It mainly includes tissue culture breeding, space breeding, physical mutagenesis breeding, chemical mutagenesis breeding and transgenic breeding technology and some other potential breeding techniques. A long term sorghum breeding program with these new techniques has been carried out for many years , the systematic breeding procedures has been established ,valuable breeding materials has been developed ,several officially registered hybrids has been released .Based on our research experiences and combined with the relevant research reports, the progresses in the research and application of these breeding techniques were overviewed, and the characteristics , the problems ,and the potentiality of the new breeding techniques were discussed.. It stresses that the main characteristics of the new breeding technology as followings: it is suitable for the change of individual simple genetic traits; it takes less time and less expenses for sorghum improvement ,the breeding cycle is short, the offspring reaches stability fast and the scale of the field experiment is small; the variation is relatively small, but the new specific characters might be obtained.

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