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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2024, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (31): 111-118.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2024-0390

• 植物保护·农药 • 上一篇    下一篇

香豆素对白花鬼针种子萌发及生长的影响

张泰劼(), 郭文磊, 田兴山, 张纯()   

  1. 广东省农业科学院植物保护研究所/农业农村部华南果蔬绿色防控重点实验室/广东省植物保护新技术重点实验室，广州 510640
  • 收稿日期:2024-06-20 修回日期:2024-09-09 出版日期:2024-11-05 发布日期:2024-11-04
  • 通讯作者:
    张纯，女，1982年出生，湖南岳阳人，研究员，博士，研究方向：杂草防控技术及抗性机理。通信地址：510640 广东省广州市天河区金颖路7号，Tel：020-87594497，E-mail：。
  • 作者简介:

    张泰劼，男，1985年出生，广西贵港人，副研究员，博士，研究方向：杂草生物学及绿色防控。通信地址：510640 广东省广州市天河区金颖路7号，Tel：020-87594497，E-mail：。

  • 基金资助:
    广东省科技计划项目“广东省农田生态系统除草剂安全使用科学观测研究站”(2019B121201003); 国家自然科学基金青年基金项目“基于阔叶丰花草有效控制华南果园恶性杂草成灾的化感机理”(32001924); 广东省农业科学院科技创新战略专项资金（高水平农科院建设）“金颖之光”项目(R2023PY-JG010)

Effects of Coumarin on Seed Germination and Plant Growth in Bidens pilosa var. radiata

ZHANG Taijie(), GUO Wenlei, TIAN Xingshan, ZHANG Chun()   

  1. Institute of Plant Protection, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Green Prevention and Control on Fruits Vegetables in South China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of High Technology for Plant Protection, Guangzhou 510640
  • Received:2024-06-20 Revised:2024-09-09 Published:2024-11-05 Online:2024-11-04

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摘要：

为明确香豆素对农林入侵植物的除草活性，以白花鬼针草为试验材料，通过种子萌发试验和盆栽试验，分析香豆素对白花鬼针草种子萌发及植株生长抑制活性和生理影响。结果表明，香豆素对白花鬼针草种子萌发的抑制活性(IC50=108.16 mg/L)大于茉莉酸甲酯、水杨酸和焦儿茶酸3种常见化感物质。在白花鬼针草种子萌发过程中，香豆素处理(50、100 mg/L)诱导了O2·-和H2O2在白花鬼针草幼苗中的积累，其中O2·-在幼苗子叶和胚根中的积累尤为明显。同时，香豆素处理也显著影响了白花鬼针草幼苗POD和SOD的活性。生长基质中添加香豆素(100~1000 mg/kg)对白花鬼针草植株的生长、光合作用和呼吸作用均有显著影响；处理15 d后，白花鬼针草的干重比空白对照降低18.4%~67.6%，净光合速率降低22.1%~40.5%，暗呼吸速率降低20.9%~41.7%。综上所述，香豆素通过诱导活性氧的积累、抑制光合作用和呼吸作用，有效抑制了白花鬼针草的种子萌发和植株生长。因此，香豆素有潜力开发成为防治白花鬼针草的药剂。

关键词: 香豆素, 生物活性, 白花鬼针草, 活性氧, 抗氧化酶, 光合作用

Abstract:

This study aims to investigate the herbicidal activity of coumarin against the invasive plant Bidens pilosa var. radiata in agricultural and forestry settings. Seed germination tests and pot experiments were carried out to study the inhibitory effects and physiological impacts of coumarin on seed germination and plant growth of B. pilosa var. radiata. The results showed that the inhibitory activity of coumarin on seed germination of B. pilosa var. radiata (IC50=108.16 mg/L) was higher than three common allelochemicals: methyl jasmonate, salicylic acid and pyrocatechuic acid. During the germination process of B. pilosa var. radiata seed, treatment with coumarin (50 and 100 mg/L) induced the accumulation of O2·- and H2O2 in the seedlings, with a particularly notable accumulation of O2·- in the cotyledons and roots of the seedlings. Additionally, coumarin treatments significantly affected the activities of POD and SOD in B. pilosa var. radiata seedlings. The addition of coumarin (100-1000 mg/kg) to the growth substrate had a significant impact on the growth, photosynthesis, and respiration of B. pilosa var. radiata plants; after 15 days of treatment, the dry weight of B. pilosa var. radiata plants decreased by 18.4%-67.6% compared to the control, net photosynthetic rate decreased by 22.1%-40.5%, and dark respiration rate decreased by 20.9%-41.7%. These results indicate that coumarin effectively inhibits seed germination and plant growth of B. pilosa var. radiata by inducing the accumulation of reactive oxygen species and inhibiting photosynthesis and respiration. Therefore, coumarin has the potential to be developed into effective agents for controlling B. pilosa var. radiata.

Key words: coumarin, bioactivity, Bidens pilosa var. radiate, ROS, antioxidases, photosynthesis