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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2024, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (31): 23-29.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2024-0059

• 林学·园艺·园林 • 上一篇    下一篇

锑对甜瓜种子萌发及幼苗生理特征的影响

张红磊(), 邓欣, 姜艳芳, 李思琴, 刘泽发(), 党建成, 王亚楠   

  1. 湖南人文科技学院，湖南娄底 417000
  • 收稿日期:2024-01-19 修回日期:2024-09-04 出版日期:2024-11-05 发布日期:2024-11-04
  • 通讯作者:
    刘泽发，男，1977年出生，湖南常宁人，副教授，主要从事瓜类抗逆资源创新及育种工作。E-mail：。
  • 作者简介:

    张红磊，男，1996年出生，宁夏银川人，在读硕士研究生，主要从事瓜类蔬菜种质资源开发与应用研究。E-mail：。

  • 基金资助:
    湖南省重点研发项目“南瓜优基因资源创制及育种技术研究与应用”(2020NK2038); 湖南省自然科学基金项目“南瓜雄性不育相关漆酶基因CmLAC4作用机制”(2024JJ7240); 湖南省教育厅科研项目“甜瓜(Cucumis melo L.)耐涝基因筛选与表达研究”(22C0594); 湖南省研究生培养创新实践基地项目“校企合作研究生培养创新实践基地”(湘教通〔2017〕451号); 校企合作创新创业教育基地项目“植物生产类校企合作创新创业教育基地”(校地合作通〔22021〕3号)

Effects of Antimony on Seed Germination and Seedling Physiology of Cucumis melo

ZHANG Honglei(), DENG Xin, JIANG Yanfang, LI Siqin, LIU Zefa(), DANG Jiancheng, WANG Yanan   

  1. Hunan University of Humanities and Technology, Loudi, Hunan 417000
  • Received:2024-01-19 Revised:2024-09-04 Published:2024-11-05 Online:2024-11-04

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摘要：

为探索甜瓜(Cucumis melo)对锑(Sb3+)胁迫生理响应机制，以甜瓜品系‘10-06-3’为实验材料，通过种子萌发和幼苗水培实验，研究不同浓度Sb3+(0、30、60、100 mg/L)胁迫对甜瓜种子萌发、幼苗期生理的影响。结果表明，低浓度Sb3+对甜瓜种子萌发有促进作用，但对根的生长有抑制作用，也有利于幼苗生长，而高浓度Sb3+明显对甜瓜种子萌发及幼苗生长有显著抑制作用；MDA浓度会随着Sb3+浓度的上升而持续增加，可溶性糖含量以及CAT活性同MDA浓度呈显著正相关，随其增长而做出调节性增长。Sb3+浓度低于60 mg/L时，可溶性蛋白含量、POD活性、SOD活性以及叶绿素相对含量会随着Sb3+浓度升高而显著升高，但高于60 mg/L时，其活性及含量会急剧下降，一定浓度Sb3+可激发甜瓜抗氧化调节反应，高浓度Sb3+会抑制抗氧化酶活性；高浓度Sb3+致使甜瓜叶片气孔导度、胞间CO2浓度降低，从而影响甜瓜的光合速率、蒸腾速率；主成分分析中，主成分PC1甜瓜可溶性糖含量、MDA浓度和CAT活性权重系数较大，主成分PC2中可溶性蛋白、SOD的权重系数较大。研究表明，甜瓜在低浓度Sb3+(30 mg/L)胁迫条件下通过提高可溶性糖以及可溶性蛋白等渗透调节物质的含量来增强抗逆能力，高浓度Sb3+(60 mg/L)胁迫会损害防御系统，导致幼苗生长发育不稳定。

关键词: 甜瓜, 锑, 锑胁迫, 种子, 幼苗, 生理机制, 生理响应, 抗氧化酶

Abstract:

In order to explore the physiological response mechanism of Cucumis melo to antimony (Sb3+) stress, waterlogging tolerant melon strain ‘10-06-3’ was used as experimental materials to study the effects of Sb3+(0, 30, 60, 100 mg/L) stress at different concentrations on melon seed germination and seedling physiology through dish germination and hydroponic experiments. The results showed that low concentration antimony had a promoting effect on seed germination of muskmelon, but had an inhibitory effect on root growth and was also beneficial for seedling growth. However, high concentration antimony had a significant inhibitory effect on seed germination and seedling growth of muskmelon, affecting its development and growth. The concentration of MDA increased with the increase of antimony concentration, and the soluble sugar content and CAT activity were significantly positively correlated with MDA concentration, leading to a regulatory increase. When the concentration of Sb3+ was lower than 60 mg/L, the soluble protein content, POD activity, SOD activity, and relative chlorophyll content significantly increased with the increase of antimony concentration. However, when the concentration was higher than 60 mg/L, its activity and content sharply decreased. A certain concentration of Sb3+ could stimulate the antioxidant regulation reaction of muskmelon, while high concentration antimony inhibited antioxidant enzyme activity. High concentration of Sb3+ led to a decrease in stomatal conductance and intercellular CO2 concentration in melon leaves, which comprehensively affected the photosynthetic rate and transpiration rate of the melon. Principal component analysis showed that the weight coefficients of soluble sugar content, MDA concentration, and CAT activity in principal component PC1 were relatively high, while the weight coefficients of soluble protein and SOD in principal component PC2 were relatively high. This indicates that under low concentration Sb3+ (30 mg/L) stress conditions, sweet melons enhance their stress resistance by increasing the content of soluble sugars and soluble proteins as osmoregulatory substances. However, under high concentration Sb3+ (60 mg/L), nickel stress can damage their defense system, leading to unstable growth and development of seedlings.

Key words: melon, antimony, antimony stress, seed, seedlings, physiological mechanism, physiological response, antioxidant enzymes