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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2026, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (11): 177-185.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2025-0591

• 工程/机械/水利/装备 • 上一篇    下一篇

基于有限元的16 m跨度苏式日光温室结构安全性分析及优化

耿婷1(), 张鑫1, 郑智杰2, 郑开启2, 周长吉3,4, 吴翠南3, 鲍恩财2,3()   

  1. 1 江苏省宿迁市宿城区园艺技术推广站， 江苏宿迁 223800
    2 南京林业大学土木工程学院， 南京 210037
    3 江苏省农业科学院农业设施与装备研究所/农业农村部长江中下游设施农业工程重点实验室， 南京 210014
    4 农业农村部规划设计研究院， 北京 100125
  • 收稿日期:2025-07-16 修回日期:2026-01-07 出版日期:2026-06-12 发布日期:2026-06-12
  • 通讯作者:
    鲍恩财，博士，副研究员，主要从事温室结构研究。通信地址：210014 江苏南京市玄武区钟灵街50号，E-mail：。
  • 作者简介:

    耿婷，女，1986年出生，江苏宿迁人，硕士，农艺师，主要从事蔬菜园艺技术推广工作。通信地址：223800 宿迁市宿城区太湖路67号，E-mail：。

  • 基金资助:
    江苏省自然科学青年基金基础研究计划自然科学基金——青年基金项目“植物工厂生菜时序光响应机制及调控策略研究”(BK20241174)

Finite Element-Based Structural Safety Analysis and Optimization of a 16 m Span Jiangsu Style Solar Greenhouse

GENG Ting1(), ZHANG Xin1, ZHENG Zhijie2, ZHENG Kaiqi2, ZHOU Changji3,4, WU Cuinan3, BAO Encai2,3()   

  1. 1 Suqiang District Horticultural Technology Extension Station, Suqian, Jiangsu 223800
    2 College of Civil Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037
    3 Institute of Agricultural Facilities and Equipment, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Protected Horticultural Engineering in the Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing 210014
    4 Agricultural Planning and Engineering Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100125
  • Received:2025-07-16 Revised:2026-01-07 Published:2026-06-12 Online:2026-06-12

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摘要：

本研究基于宿迁地区极端气候引发的日光温室倒塌问题，旨在提高苏式日光温室的结构安全性和稳定性。研究结合国家标准GB/T 51183—2016《农业温室结构荷载规范》和GB/T 51424—2022《农业温室结构设计标准》，针对16 m跨度的苏式日光温室开展荷载计算与结构优化研究。通过Midas Gen软件构建三维有限元模型，计算宿迁10 a重现期的风雪荷载，整合408种荷载组合进行包络分析。结果显示，最不利荷载组合为不均匀雪荷载主导的工况，拱架前柱脚处应力峰值达538.7 N/mm2。针对薄弱点提出优化方案，即在主拱架前柱脚增设竖向立柱，优化后应力峰值降至191.2 N/mm2，竖向变形量减少至40.2 mm，优化后的变形量较未优化前降低了73%。研究表明，通过局部结构加固可显著改善温室的应力集中与失稳风险，为苏式日光温室在宿迁及类似气候条件地区的推广应用提供了结构安全保障，并为同类设施的结构优化提供参考。

关键词: 苏式日光温室, 荷载组合, 有限元分析, 应力集中, 结构优化

Abstract:

To address the collapse problem of Jiangsu-style solar greenhouses caused by extreme climate in Suqian area, this article combines the national standards "Code for Load of Agricultural Greenhouse Structures" (GB/T 51183-2016) and "Design Standards for Agricultural Greenhouse Structures" (GB/T 51424-2022) to conduct load calculation and structural optimization research on a 16 meter span solar greenhouse. A three-dimensional finite element model was constructed using Midas Gen software to calculate the wind and snow loads during the 10-year return period in Suqian. 408 load combinations were integrated for envelope analysis. The results showed that the most unfavorable load combination was dominated by uneven snow loads, with a peak stress of 538.7 N/mm2 at the front column base of the arch. An optimization plan for the weak points was proposed, which is to add vertical columns at the front column base of the main arch. After optimization, the peak stress was reduced to 191.2 N/mm2, the optimized vertical deformation amount was reduced to 40.2 mm, representing a 73% reduction compared to the pre-optimized state. Research has shown that local structural reinforcement can significantly improve the stress concentration and instability risk of Jiangsu-style greenhouses, providing reference for structural optimization of similar facilities.

Key words: Jiangsu-style solar greenhouses, load combination, finite element analysis, stress concentration, structural optimization

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