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中国农学通报 ›› 2026, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (8): 38-43.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2025-0514

• 生物科学 • 上一篇    下一篇

93份水稻骨干亲本稻瘟病抗性基因分子初步鉴定及分析

余林闯(), 陈庆明, 陆云, 申关望, 祁玉良, 扶定(), 余新春, 常幸远, 沈光辉   

  1. 河南省信阳市农业科学院, 河南信阳 464000
  • 收稿日期:2025-06-23 修回日期:2025-10-11 出版日期:2026-04-25 发布日期:2026-04-23
  • 通讯作者:
    扶定,男,1973年出生,河南新县人,研究员,硕士,研究方向:水稻遗传育种研究。通信地址:464000 河南信阳浉河区民权南街20号 信阳市农业科学院水稻所,E-mail:
  • 作者简介:

    余林闯,男,1996年出生,河南信阳人,研究实习员,硕士,研究方向:水稻遗传育种研究。通信地址:464000 河南信阳浉河区民权南街20号 信阳市农业科学院水稻所,E-mail:

  • 基金资助:
    河南省重点研发专项“优质高产绿色高效水稻新品种选育与应用”(231111110500); 国家现代农业产业技术体系建设转型资金“国家水稻产业技术体系信阳综合试验站”(CARS-01-90); 河南省农业产业技术体系建设专项资金“河南省水稻产业技术体系籼稻育种岗位”(HARS-22-03-G2); 信阳市创新应用专项“豫南粳稻品质提升技术研究”(20200014); 河南省科技攻关“豫南糯稻品质提升及绿色高效栽培关键技术研究”(242102110166); 河南省科技攻关“水稻优质抗病亲本创制与高产广适新品种选育应用”(252102110261)

Preliminary Molecular Characterization and Allelic Profiling of Blast Resistance Genes in 93 Core Parental Lines of Oryza sativa L

YU Linchuang(), CHEN Qingming, LU Yun, SHEN Guanwang, QI Yuliang, FU Ding(), YU Xinchun, CHANG Xingyuan, SHEN Guanghui   

  1. Xinyang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xinyang, Henan 464000
  • Received:2025-06-23 Revised:2025-10-11 Published:2026-04-25 Online:2026-04-23

摘要:

针对豫南稻区水稻骨干亲本稻瘟病抗性基因背景不清、抗性育种缺乏精准依据的问题,为明确核心抗源分布与优异基因组合,以93份水稻骨干亲本为材料,通过分子标记技术分析河南省豫南稻区籼稻骨干亲本的稻瘟病抗性基因分布特征。采用pi2pitapi5piapigm共5个抗性基因的特异性分子标记,结合SDS微量法抽提水稻全基因组DNA,并运用琼脂糖凝胶电泳对样本进行系统鉴定。结果表明:93份材料中,单基因频率以pia最高(66.67%),pita次之(59.14%),pi5为51.61%,pi2pigm均为33.33%;携带2个抗性基因的材料占比最高(38.71%,36份),含3个基因的占26.88%(25份),仅2份材料不含目标基因;抗性基因组合,pia+pita占比最高(22份,23.66%),其次是pia+pita+pi5占比11份;组合基因数0-4区间中都存在占比最少,为2份。综上,豫南稻区亲本以piapitapi5为优势抗源,双基因聚合为主要类型,筛选出的多基因聚合材料可直接用于抗病育种。本研究为当地水稻广谱持久抗稻瘟病育种提供了精准抗源信息与理论支撑,后续可结合病菌小种监测开展表型验证与基因聚合育种。

关键词: 水稻, 抗稻瘟病, 分子标记, 骨干亲本, 基因组合

Abstract:

In order to clarify the distribution of core resistance sources and excellent gene combinations, aiming at the problems of unclear background of rice blast resistance genes and lack of accurate basis for resistance breeding of rice backbone parents,this study selected 93 stable and adaptive indica rice lines to analyze the distribution characteristics of blast resistance genes in core indica rice parents from the southern rice-growing region of Henan Province using molecular marker techniques. Specific molecular markers for five resistance genes, pi2, pita, pi5, pia, and pigm were employed. Total genomic DNA was extracted using the SDS micro-extraction method, and samples were systematically identified through agarose gel electrophoresis. Results showed that among the 93 samples, pia exhibited the highest frequency at 66.67%, followed by pita at 59.14%. The frequencies of pi2 and pigm were the lowest and equal at 33.33%. Regarding the number of resistance genes, the highest proportion (36 samples, 38.71%) carried two resistance genes, followed by 25 samples (26.88%) harboring three resistance genes. Only two samples lacked any resistance genes. Among resistance gene combinations, the pia+pita combination was most prevalent (22 samples, 23.66%), followed by pia+pita+pi5 (11 samples). The least frequent combinations (2 samples) were distributed across the range of 0-4 resistance genes. In conclusion, pia, pita and pi5 were the dominant resistant sources in the southern Henan rice area, and the double gene polymerization was the main type. The selected multi-gene polymerization materials could be directly used for disease resistance breeding. This study provides accurate resistance source information and theoretical support for local rice broad-spectrum and long-lasting rice blast resistance breeding. Subsequently, phenotypic verification and gene pyramiding breeding can be carried out in combination with pathogen race monitoring.

Key words: rice, blast resistance, molecular markers, core parental lines, gene combinations

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