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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2011, Vol. 27 ›› Issue (23): 70-75.

所属专题： 水产渔业； 园艺

• 水产 渔业 • 上一篇    下一篇

浮床栽培空心菜对罗非鱼养殖池塘水体中氮和磷的控制

宋超 陈家长 戈贤平 吴伟 范立民 孟顺龙 胡庚东   

  • 收稿日期:2011-01-19 修回日期:2011-02-10 出版日期:2011-09-15 发布日期:2011-09-15
  • 基金资助:

    现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金;中央级科研院所基本科研业务费

The control of nitrogen and phosphorus to tilapia fish pond by floating-bed-grown water spinach (Ipomoea aquatica)

  • Received:2011-01-19 Revised:2011-02-10 Online:2011-09-15 Published:2011-09-15

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摘要：

摘要：总氮和总磷一直被认为是引起水体富营养化的重要因子，而氨氮和亚硝酸盐氮是养殖过程中引起鱼类疾病的关键环境因子。本试验利用PVC管构建浮床，研.究了浮床栽培空心菜对罗非鱼养殖池塘水体中氮和磷的控制效果。数据表明，在试验后期，池塘水体中总氮水平降至淡水养殖池塘废水排放二级标准，而总磷水平达到地表水环境质量二类标准，氨氮的水平控制在1mg/L以下，而亚硝酸盐氮水平则控制在0.1mg/L以下。从各处理组对污染物的去除情况来看，空心菜种植时间与种植面积均与氮、磷的去除效果呈现较好的正相关关系，种植时间越长（>60d），种植面积与去除效果的正相关性越明显。结果表明，在集约化养殖池塘中采用浮床栽培空心菜能够对氮和磷实现有效的控制，并且空心菜浮床覆盖率为20%时比10%和15%处理组更具有经济效益。该试验为淡水池塘罗非鱼的健康养殖提供了一个新的思路。

关键词: 空间分布, 空间分布

Abstract:

Abstract: Total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP) are the most important factors causing eutrophication, while ammonia and nitrite are the two key environmental factors causing fish disease. In this experiment, we studied the control of nitrogen and phosphorus to tilapia fish pond by floating-bed-grown water spinach (Ipomoea aquatica) consisted of PVC tubes. The results showed that, by the later stage of the experiment, the concentration of TN decreased to the second standard of the waste water of freshwater fish pond, the concentration of TP achieved to the second standard of environment quality of surface water, while the concentration of ammonia and nitrite decreased to 1mg/L and 0.1mg/L below respectively. In the terms of the area of the test-groups, the nitrogen and phosphorus removal of time – depend and area- depend of floating-bed-grown was evident, the more the time lasted, the better the effect of area- depend. The results also showed that, floating-bed-grown water spinach had a good effect in the control of nitrogen and phosphorus in intensive- aquaculture fish pond, and when the area of floating-bed was 20%, the economic benefit achieved to the optimum level. This experiment offered a new thought to the health breeding of freshwater fish pond.