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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2011, Vol. 27 ›› Issue (25): 250-255.

所属专题： 园艺

• 林学 园艺 园林 • 上一篇    下一篇

巢湖流域减量施肥对番茄产量品质和土壤硝态氮的影响

孙丽 马友华 何传龙 汪丽婷 朱小红 周维平 申卫平 洪炜   

  • 收稿日期:2011-04-20 修回日期:2011-05-18 出版日期:2011-10-05 发布日期:2011-10-05
  • 基金资助:

    国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项;国家科技支撑计划项目

The Effect of Reducing Fertilizer Application on Tomato Production, Quality and Soil Nitrate in Chaohu Lake Basin

  • Received:2011-04-20 Revised:2011-05-18 Online:2011-10-05 Published:2011-10-05

PDF (PC)

756

摘要：

为了研究巢湖流域适度减量施肥的可行性，笔者通过田间试验，研究了减量施肥配施氨基酸水溶肥料和微肥对番茄产量、内在品质以及氮磷钾吸收的影响。结果表明，减量施肥配施氨基酸水溶肥料以及微肥不仅能够保证番茄稳产，而且能对番茄的口感、植株的生长起到积极推进作用。与习惯施肥相比，85%施肥、75%施肥可使番茄产量分别提高24.3%、3.8%，65%施肥处理使番茄产量降低8.2%；使番茄果实中硝酸盐含量分别降低9.01%、6.12%、10.44%；使0~20 cm番茄收获后，土样中硝态氮含量分别降低58.34%、15.00%、40.99%；使0~20 cm番茄收获后，土样中有效磷含量分别降低32.04%、31.72%、30.69%。其中，以85%减量施肥处理效果最佳，达到番茄增产、减少养分流失的目的。

关键词: 休闲农业, 休闲农业, 北京郊区, 对策

Abstract:

In order to research the feasibility of moderate reduction fertilization in Chaohu Lake basin, a field experiment was conducted to study the effects of reducing fertilizer with amino acids in water-soluble fertilizer and trace element fertilizer application on tomato production, quality and NPK absorption. The results showed that: reducing fertilizer with amino acids in water-soluble fertilizer and trace element fertilizer was not only to ensure stable production of tomato, but also played an active role in promoting to tomato taste and growth. Compared with custom fertilization, 85% fertilizer, 75% fertilizer could make tomato production increase, the rate separately were 24.3%, 3.8%, the rate which 65% fertilizer made the production down was 8.2%; it could make the nitrate content in tomato fruit reduce, the percentage separately were 9.01%, 6.12%, 10.44%. The rate which made the nitrate content down in 0-20 cm soil horizon after tomato harvest separately were 58.34%, 15.00%, 40.99%; the ratio which made the available P content lower in 0-20 cm soil horizon after tomato harvest separately were 32.04%, 31.72%, 30.69%. 85% fertilizer had the best treatment effect, achieved the purpose of tomato yield and reduced the nutrient loss.

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