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中国农学通报 ›› 2011, Vol. 27 ›› Issue (28): 103-108.

• 林学 园艺 园林 • 上一篇    下一篇

湖南省森林火灾人为火源时空分布特征

孙玉荣 张贵   

  • 收稿日期:2011-08-08 修回日期:2011-09-06 出版日期:2011-11-05 发布日期:2011-11-05
  • 基金资助:

    湖南省自然科学基金重点项目“全球气候变化对湖南森林火灾时空格局的影响”

Characteristics of the Spatial-temporal Distribution for Artificial Fire Sources on Forest Fires in Hunan

  • Received:2011-08-08 Revised:2011-09-06 Online:2011-11-05 Published:2011-11-05

摘要:

人为火源是引发森林火灾的主要原因,对火源时空分布特征的认识关系到火源管理工作成效,也是实现林火生态预防的重要基础。以湖南省2001—2008年导致森林火灾的生产性火源和非生产性火源数据为例,应用变异系数、基尼系数和集中度3种方法分析湖南省人为火源的区域差异变动情况、空间分布均衡程度及地域分布。结果表明,生产性火源和非生产性火源的差异变动表现出波动上升趋势,3种方法所反映的火源空间分布特征一致。特别是近3年来,非生产性火源的差异变动幅度大,上升趋势极为明显。表明湖南省森林火灾的生产性火源和非生产性火源的区域差异和空间聚集特征明显;森林火灾的发生受自然调节、人为调控作用影响;近年来,区域非生产性火源导致的森林火灾差距有扩大趋势,空间聚集程度加剧,反映出人类社会活动较大程度上影响了森林火灾的发生;湖南省人为火源引发的森林火灾主要集中在邵阳、长沙和永州等地。

关键词: 荔枝, 荔枝, 产业发展, 对策

Abstract:

Artificial fire source is a key factor causing the forest fire. Understanding the spatial-temporal distribution of fire sources helps to realize the fire sources management. It is a basis work for forest fire ecological prevention. The author took 2001-2008 data in Hunan for the example, based on variation coefficient, Gini’s coefficient and concentration index to analyze the trends of regional difference, zonal centralizations and regional distribution of artificial fire sources on forest fires. The result showed that: they were of the same spatial distribution trends with 3 indexes. It showed the fluctuation trend: in particular, for recently 3 years, the upward trend of nonproductive fire sources was very clear. The following conclusions were drawn: the difference and zone centralizations among regions in Hunan on artificial fire sources were obvious. The trend showed that the forest fire was affected by natural regulation and human regulation. The difference among regions was enlarged and zone centralizations strengthen of unproductive fire sources for recent years to reflect the large influence of human society activities on forest fires. Forest fires mainly happened in Shaoyang, Changsha and Yongzhou.

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