林木microRNA及其在遗传育种的应用研究进展

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.2014-0453

摘要/Abstract

摘要： microRNAs是一类由特定RNA聚合酶Ⅱ转录本加工而来的长为20~24核苷酸的小分子，这类小分子在植物中的功能主要是通过降解靶标基因来调控其互补序列的mRNA的稳定性。近年来高通量测序技术的飞速发展加速了microRNA研究的进展。为了对林木microRNA研究的最新进展和应用前景有更为全面的了解，本文从植物miRNA的发现，林木miRNA研究的发展以及amiRNA应用于林木的遗传操作等三方面进行综述。特别阐述了杨属miRNA，果树miRNA，桉树、茶树、橡胶树和麻疯树miRNA，沙冬青miRNA，裸子植物miRNA等的研究进展。随着miRNA数量的增加，未来miRNA的研究将锁定到其功能的验证方面。因此，了解林木miRNA的发展现状及趋势非常重要。

关键词: 坐果率, 坐果率

Abstract: MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are 20–24 nucleotide long molecules processed from a specific class of RNA polymerase II transcripts that mainly regulate the stability of mRNAs containing a complementary sequence by targeted degradation in plants. In recent years, the rapid development of high-throughput sequencing accelerated the the research of miRNA. This Review discussed the discovery of plant miRNA,current advances of tree miRNAs and the genetic manipulation of amiRNA in trees. Especially, the development of miRNAs research in Populus, fruit trees, eucalyptus, tea, rubber trees, Jatropha tree, Ammopiptanthus mongolicus, and gymnosperms trees were reviewed in detail. Given the increasing number of miRNA, future research would focus on the verification of its functions. Therefore, it is important to summarize the current status of information on miRNAs in trees and to guide future studies on the role of miRNAs in the biology of woody perennials.

倪燕婕. 林木microRNA及其在遗传育种的应用研究进展[J]. 中国农学通报, 2014, 30(22): 1-7.

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