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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2014, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (33): 69-78.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.2014-0765

所属专题： 小麦； 水稻

• 农学 农业基础科学 • 上一篇    下一篇

宁夏引黄灌区双免耕对麦稻二熟制作物光合特性的影响

袁海燕,杨再强   

  1. 南京信息工程大学应用气象学院,南京信息工程大学应用气象学院
  • 收稿日期:2014-03-20 修回日期:2014-03-20 接受日期:2014-05-27 出版日期:2015-01-08 发布日期:2015-01-08
  • 通讯作者: 杨再强
  • 基金资助:
    农业部“引进国际先进农业科学技术”“948”项目“保护性耕作及机械装备关键技术的引进和研究开发”(2011-Z29)；宁夏重点科技攻关项目“小麦品种资源搜集、保存、研究、利用和创新研究”(960317Z001)；科技部成果转化项目“宁冬10 号、11 号及配套技术成果转化示范”(2009G30079)；宁夏农业科技工程重大专项“冬小麦新品种选育及宁夏超级小麦研究”(KGZ-16-07-01)，“冬麦种植北移技术扩大示范”(KGX-05-06-02)，“保护性耕作及机械装备关键技术的研究开发”(KGZ-16-08-02)；宁夏自然科学基金项目“宁夏保护性耕作农田小气候效应研究”(NZ0919)。

Study on Photosynthetic Physiology of Paddy Rice-upland Wheat Rotation Double Cropping System with Double-zero-tillage in Yellow River Ningxia Basin

  • Received:2014-03-20 Revised:2014-03-20 Accepted:2014-05-27 Online:2015-01-08 Published:2015-01-08

摘要： 为揭示双免耕对麦稻二熟制作物光合生理的影响规律，本项研究采用CIRAS-I 型便携式光合测定仪，分别对连续4 年进行麦稻水旱轮作双免耕和传统耕作处于抽穗期、灌浆期、乳熟期的冬小麦、水稻旗叶进行测定。结果表明，免耕的冬小麦品种‘宁冬11 号’、水稻品种‘沙沙尼’的叶片光合生理正常，气孔调节功能较强，表现出水分利用效率高、CO2同化率高等特点。免耕的‘宁冬11 号’、‘沙沙尼’的叶片净光合速率与传统耕作没有显著差异。麦稻水旱轮作双免耕的冬小麦、水稻之所以光合生理正常，而且气孔调节功能好、水分利用效率高，其主要原因是，连续4 年冬小麦-水稻双免耕的0~40 cm土壤中的有机质含量、全氮量、全磷量、速效氮、速效磷明显提高。

关键词: 贡献率, 贡献率

Abstract: The purpose of the study focused on photosynthetic physiology of paddy rice-upland wheat rotation double cropping system with double-zero-tillage. The CIRAS-I Portable Photosynthesis was used. Winter wheat and rice flag leaves had been tested. The leaves’samples were taken in heading stage, grain filling stage and milk stage both in four year double-zero-tillage and in traditional tillage trails, respectably. The results showed that zero tillage winter wheat variety‘Ningdong 11’and rice variety‘Sha-Sha-Ni’had normal photosynthetic physiology. Their stoma regulation had better functions for water use efficiency (WUE), higher rates of CO2 assimilation in the certain times and other characters. However, there wasn’t significant difference between the conventional tillage and zero tillage for photosynthetic net rate of‘Ningdong 11’, or of‘Sha-Sha-Ni’s yet. The main reason was that organic matter, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, available nitrogen and available phosphorus within 0-40 cm depth soil layer increased after four year double-zero-tillage-cropping in succession with winter wheat-rice rotation system.