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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2014, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (27): 208-212.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.2014-0964

所属专题： 玉米

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不同供氮水平对春玉米干物质积累及氮素吸收利用的影响

李佳   

  1. 吉林农业大学
  • 收稿日期:2014-04-04 修回日期:2014-04-04 接受日期:2014-05-15 出版日期:2014-10-15 发布日期:2014-10-15
  • 通讯作者: 李佳
  • 基金资助:
    技术部“十二五”粮食丰产科技工程“玉米生理生化特性及肥料运筹机制研究”(2011BAD16B10)；技术部“十二五”粮食大面积均衡增产技术集成研究与示范(2012BAD04B02)

Effects of Different Nitrogen Application Rates on Dry Matter Accumulation, Nitrogen Absorption and Utilization of Spring Maize

  • Received:2014-04-04 Revised:2014-04-04 Accepted:2014-05-15 Online:2014-10-15 Published:2014-10-15

摘要： 为了掌握玉米适宜施氮量，研究不同供氮水平对春玉米干物质积累和氮素吸收利用的影响。本研究采用田间小区试验的方法，设置0、120、240、360 kg/hm2 4个施氮水平，研究了玉米各器官干物质吸收积累、氮素吸收利用及产量的变化。结果表明，不同供氮水平下春玉米干物质积累和氮素吸收均符合Logistic方程[y=K/(1+aebx)]，氮肥施用量可明显影响干物质最大积累速率和氮素最大吸收速率，各施氮水平下均表现为N360＞N240＞N120＞N0。玉米产量随施氮量的增加而增加，施氮量为360 kg/hm2时，玉米产量最高，达10081.5 kg/hm2，但相较N240玉米增产效果并不显著，同时氮肥利用率较N240降低15.5%。本试验条件下，综合考虑产量和氮素利用效率两因素，施氮量240 kg/hm2为玉米最佳氮肥用量。

关键词: 绩效评价, 绩效评价

Abstract: In order to study the suitable nitrogen application and the influence of dry matter accumulation and N absorption under different N application levels on spring maize, field experiment was conducted under different N application rates (N 0 kg/hm2, 120 kg/hm2, 240 kg/hm2 and 360 kg/hm2). The results showed that both the dynamic dry matter accumulation and N absorption of spring maize could be described by Logistic equation. N application rates could significantly influence both the maximum rates of dry matter accumulation and N absorption, and the order of different N application rates was N360＞N240＞N120＞N0. The results also showed that maize yield increased with the increment of nitrogen application rate. When the nitrogen application rate was 360 kg/hm2, the maize yield reached the highest 10081.5 kg/hm2, but it had no significant difference with N240 and the nitrogen utilization efficiency was 15.5% lower than that of N240. Considering the maize yield and nitrogen utilization efficiency under the experimental conditions, N application rate of 240 kg/hm2 was identified to be the optimum amount.