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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2016, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (24): 18-24.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb16030024

所属专题： 水稻

• 农学 农业基础科学 • 上一篇    下一篇

不同生育期温度逆境处理对早稻产量的影响

何 洋1,2,刘 洋2,方宝华2,何小娥1,2,杨 坚1,2,滕振宁1,2,张玉烛2   

  1. (1湖南农业大学农学院,长沙 410128；2湖南省水稻研究所,长沙 410125）
  • 收稿日期:2016-03-02 修回日期:2016-03-14 接受日期:2016-03-24 出版日期:2016-08-29 发布日期:2016-08-29
  • 通讯作者: 张玉烛
  • 基金资助:
    湖南省财政专项“湖南省镉低积累农作物品种筛选与选育”；国家科技支撑计划课题“湖南双季稻大面积均衡增产技术集成研究与示范”(2012BAD04B10)。

Effect of Temperature on Early Rice Yield at Different Growth Stages

He Yang1,2, Liu Yang2, Fang Baohua2, He Xiaoe1,2, Yang Jian1,2, Teng Zhenning1,2, Zhang Yuzhu2   

  1. (1College of Agronomy, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128;2Hunan Rice Research Institute, Changsha 410125)
  • Received:2016-03-02 Revised:2016-03-14 Accepted:2016-03-24 Online:2016-08-29 Published:2016-08-29

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摘要： 为研究温度逆境对水稻的响应，采用盆栽种植的方法，在早稻分蘖期、孕穗期、灌浆期，利用人工智能气候室，通过不同时期的温度逆境处理，分析其对早稻产量及构成。结果表明：生物量表现为低温＞中温＞高温，灌浆期＞孕穗期＞分蘖期处理；分蘖期和孕穗期的温度变化对有效穗影响较大，灌浆期的温度变化对有效穗基本无影响；孕穗期进行温度处理对结实的影响最明显，且高温会显著降低结实率；孕穗期高温处理显著降低千粒重，其余各时期温度处理的千粒重差异不显著；单株产量表现为低温＞中温＞高温，灌浆期处理＞分蘖期处理＞孕穗期处理，孕穗期高温处理的产量最低，较同时期低温处理减少26.80%~42.46%，较同时期中温处理减少21.16%~36.22%。试验表明，高温对早稻产量及产量构成影响最大，3个时期中，孕穗期是早稻产量及产量构成的最敏感时期。

关键词: 河南省, 河南省, 城市土地利用, 效率评价, 数据包络分析

Abstract: In order to provide a scientific basis for the study on responses of rice to temperature stress, the effect of temperature on rice yield at different growth stages was investigated. A 7-day temperature control experiment was conducted in artificial intelligence climatic chamber by the method of pot culture, the effect of temperature on rice yield and its components were observed in tillering stage, booting stage and the filling stage. The results showed that the biomass followed the order of low temperature＞ middle temperature＞ high temperature and filling stage＞ booting stage＞ tillering stage; the change of temperature had great effect on productive panicle in tillering stage and booting stage, and had little effect on productive panicle in filling stage; temperature control had the most obvious effect on grain forming in booting stage, and high temperature caused the reduction of grain forming percentage; high temperature reduced thousand seed weight in booting stage, and the difference was not significant in other stages; yield of per plant followed the order of low temperature＞ middle temperature＞ high temperature and filling stage＞ tillering stage＞ booting stage, high temperature treatment had the lowest yield in booting stage, which was reduced by 26.80% to 42.46% and 21.16% to 36.22% in comparing with that of low temperature treatment and middle temperature treatment in the same stage respectively. The results indicated that high temperature had the greatest effect on early rice yield and yield components, and the booting stage was the most sensitive stage.

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