关键词: 锌硅肥, 锌硅肥, 强筋小麦, 产量及品质

Abstract: Since 1980 the total 31 rice cultivars have been bred and registered by the researchers of Yangzhou Academy of Agricultural Science. Most of them have been applied in various eco-areas of rice-growing, which results in enormous social and economic efficient. Through the comprehensive analysis of those cultivars, including their pedigree, main agronomic characteristics, breeding method and extension strategies, it is intended to make some successful experiences adopted in future rice breeding. It is usually recommended to follow the breeding strategy “Balance development of indica and japanica, pure and hybrid rice; Outstanding improvement of main characters based on best designing of all characteristics for each variety”, and make out breeding objects for breeding commercial cultivars that could be suitable to the various ecological conditions and farming systems, and needs of agricultural production and people’s living. In aspect of pure varieties of indica rice BG902, one landrace from Sri Lanka, and some IR accessions from IRRI were used as parents to breed eight cultivars named from Yangdao No.1 to Yangdao No.8 by general selection, hybridization, step’s hybridization and shuttering back and forth breeding. All of these fourteen cultivars were gradually improved in the characters related yielding and resistance to diseases. In the aspect of pure Japanica rice some varieties with better resistance to pests introduced from Japan and several landraces from Taihu area were used as parents to breed at least six cultivars, which were suitable to growing in various ecological conditions and systems. As to the breeding of hybrid rice the CMS-restoring lines was a key problem. One wide compatible accession 02428, some intermediate lines from indica×japanica, restorers×resistant lines and some others were used parents to create elite restoring lines with high compatible and CMS-restoring abilities. Meanwhile the grain quality has been paid attention during the selection of new cultivars. More than fifteen hybrid rice combinations have been bred in the past decades. In order to enhance the creating ability in rice breeding the researchers always have close cooperation with institutions. They could get the new materials with various elite characters as well as fundamental information in time from scientists there. During the extension of new cultivars a net work including various disciplines, research fields and levels was formed to promote transformation and back-up of information. It is also gradually completed that the new type of developmental system involved in breeding, reproduction of seed, extension, production, procession and trading. It is assured that the commercialization of new scientific achievements.