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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2025, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (16): 150-155.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2024-0765

• 畜牧·动物医学·蚕·蜂 • 上一篇    下一篇

阿尔巴斯山羊肉营养成分特征分析

王美秀1(), 华晓青1, 邱鹏程1, 宁淑红2, 蒋在平2, 石诚泰1, 于婷婷1, 杨雅钧1, 石富1, 常强强1, 刘茂荣1, 刘芬1   

  1. 1 鄂尔多斯市农畜产品质量安全中心，内蒙古鄂尔多斯 017010
    2 鄂托克旗农畜产品质量安全监管站，内蒙古鄂尔多斯 016100
  • 收稿日期:2024-12-16 修回日期:2025-04-03 出版日期:2025-06-05 发布日期:2025-06-05
  • 作者简介:

    王美秀，男，1969年出生，内蒙古鄂尔多斯人，农业技术推广研究员，硕士，研究方向：农畜产品与饲料检测。通信地址：017010 内蒙古鄂尔多斯市康巴什区兴泰商务广场CBD T5 2419 鄂尔多斯市农畜产品质量安全中心，E-mail：。

  • 基金资助:
    鄂尔多斯市科技重大专项“鄂尔多斯地域优势特色羊肉营养品质特征解析及真实性判别模型建立”(2022EEDSKJZDZX021)

Analysis of Nutritional Component Characteristics of Albas Goat Meat

WANG Meixiu1(), HUA Xiaoqing1, QIU Pengcheng1, NING Shuhong2, JIANG Zaiping2, SHI Chengtai1, YU Tingting1, YANG Yajun1, SHI Fu1, CHANG Qiangqiang1, LIU Maorong1, LIU Fen1   

  1. 1 Ordos City Agricultural and Livestock Products Quality and Safety Center, Ordos, Inner Mongolia 017010
    2 Etuoke Banner Agricultural and Livestock Products Supervision Station, Ordos, Inner Mongolia 016100
  • Received:2024-12-16 Revised:2025-04-03 Published:2025-06-05 Online:2025-06-05

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摘要：

为评价阿尔巴斯山羊肉的营养品质，分析了阿尔巴斯山羊肉的营养成分特征。以39只1.5~4岁的阿尔巴斯山羊为试验对象，对羊肉中脂肪酸、氨基酸、常规营养素和矿物元素进行检测。结果表明，阿尔巴斯山羊肉股二头肌、背最长肌中EAA（必需氨基酸）/NEAA（非必需氨基酸）为67.4%和70.1%，且EAA/TAA（氨基酸总量）值在40%左右，谷氨酸、天冬氨酸、赖氨酸和亮氨酸含量最高；胆固醇含量低；棕榈酸和硬脂酸含量低于其他品种的羊肉；钙、铁、锰、锌含量高于其他品种的羊肉；股二头肌与背最长肌中水分、脂肪、棕榈酸和棕榈油酸含量存在显著差异(P<0.05)，其他检测的营养成分含量差异不显著，背最长肌中脂肪、油酸含量明显高于股二头肌。研究发现，阿尔巴斯山羊肉氨基酸含量与组成特征不同于其他品种的羊，氨基酸组成平衡；油酸含量高，胆固醇含量较低；棕榈酸、硬脂酸含量低；钙、铁、锰、锌含量高；股二头肌与背最长肌在水分、脂肪、棕榈酸和棕榈油酸含量方面存在营养成分差别，而各种氨基酸和矿物元素含量差异不显著。试验结果可用于阿尔巴斯山羊肉营养品质评价、质量真实性保证及产品溯源研究。

关键词: 阿尔巴斯山羊肉, 营养成分, 特征, 分析

Abstract:

To analyze the nutritional component characteristics of Albas goat meat, and provide a reference for evaluating its nutritional quality, 39 Albas goats aged 1.5-4 years were selected as experimental subjects. Fatty acids, amino acids, conventional nutrients, and mineral elements of the goat meat were analyzed using Chinese National Standard methods. The ratios of essential amino acids (EAA) to non-essential amino acids (NEAA) were 67.4% and 70.1%, respectively, with EAA/total amino acids (TAA) values approximately 40% in the biceps femoris and longissimus dorsi muscles. Glutamic acid, aspartic acid, lysine, and leucine were the most abundant amino acids. Cholesterol content was low, while palmitic acid and stearic acid levels were significantly lower than those in other goat breeds. Calcium, iron, manganese, and zinc contents were notably higher compared to other breeds. Significant differences (P<0.05) were observed between the biceps femoris and longissimus dorsi in moisture, fat, palmitic acid, and palmitoleic acid content. Specifically, fat and oleic acid levels were markedly higher in the longissimus dorsi. No significant inter-muscle differences were detected in other nutritional components. Albas goat meat exhibits distinct amino acid composition compared to other breeds, with a balanced amino acid profile indicating high-quality protein. It is characterized by the highest oleic acid content, low cholesterol, low palmitic and stearic acids, and high content of calcium, iron, manganese, and zinc. There are significant differences in moisture, fat, palmitic acid, and palmitoleic acid content between muscles, but there are no significant differences in amino acid and mineral element contents. The experimental results on these nutritional characteristics may support nutritional quality assessment, authenticity verification, and traceability studies of Albas goat meat products.

Key words: Albas goat meat, nutritional component, characteristics, analysis