不同品系甘薯对外源有机硒富集能力比较

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2024-0514

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为探讨不同品系甘薯对外源有机硒富集能力的差异，以22个福州市农业科学研究所自主选育的优良甘薯品系为试材，以富硒能力强的‘广薯87’为对照品种，通过叶面喷施外源有机硒肥，开展硒富集能力比较试验。结果表明：（1）对不同硒肥处理的甘薯薯块硒含量进行聚类分析结果显示，高富集和中高富集类型的品系包括‘榕薯2306’、‘榕薯2321’、‘榕薯2310’、‘榕薯2305’、‘榕薯2322’等9个品系，其中‘榕薯2306’、‘榕薯2301’、‘广薯87’、‘榕薯2315’、‘榕薯2321’的薯块硒含量增幅居前5位。（2）硒肥处理的不同品系甘薯小区薯块硒累积量存在差异，前5位的品系包括‘榕薯2306’、‘广薯87’、‘榕薯2315’、‘榕薯2301’和‘榕薯2310’；不同品系甘薯薯块的硒吸收利用率差异较大，吸收利用率5%以上的品系为‘榕薯2306’，吸收利用率3%以上的品系包括‘榕薯2301’、‘榕薯2315’、‘广薯87’、‘榕薯2321’、‘榕薯2310’等。（3）不同品系甘薯的硒敏感性聚类分析结果显示，‘榕薯2306’、‘榕薯2315’、‘榕薯2301’对硒的敏感性较强，硒敏感指数介于0.89~0.91之间，硒肥处理比对照增产9.82%~12.48%。综上，‘榕薯2306’、‘榕薯2301’、‘榕薯2315’具有较强的富硒能力和较高的鲜薯产量，适宜作为富硒甘薯种植品种和选育富硒甘薯新品种的亲本材料。

关键词: 甘薯, 有机硒, 硒肥, 富集, 聚类分析, 硒敏感指数

Abstract:

In order to explore the difference of selenium enrichment ability of different sweet potato strains, 22 excellent sweet potato strains independently selected by Fuzhou Institute of Agricultural Sciences were used as test materials, and ‘Guangshu 87’ with strong selenium enrichment ability was used as the control variety. 22 independently bred sweet potato strains were selected as materials, and ‘Guangshu 87’ was used as the control variety. The comparative experiment of selenium enrichment ability was carried out by spraying exogenous organic selenium fertilizer on the leaves. The results showed that: (1) Cluster analysis of selenium content in sweet potato tubers of different strains treated with selenium fertilizer showed that the strains with high enrichment and medium high enrichment types included nine strains such as ‘Rongshu 2306’, ‘Rongshu 2321’, ‘Rongshu 2310’, ‘Rongshu 2305’, ‘Rongshu 2322’ and so on. ‘Rongshu 2306’, ‘Rongshu 2301’, ‘Guangshu 87’, ‘Rongshu 2315’ and ‘Rongshu 2321’ ranked the top five in the increase rate of selenium content in tubers compared with the control. (2) There were differences in selenium accumulation of sweet potato tubers among different strains treated with selenium fertilizer. The top five strains included ‘Rongshu 2306’, ‘Guangshu 87’, ‘Rongshu 2315’, ‘Rongshu 2301’ and ‘Rongshu 2310’. The selenium absorption and utilization rates of different strains of sweet potato tubers were quite different. The strain with absorption and utilization rates of more than 5% was ‘Rongshu 2306’, and the strains with absorption and utilization rates of more than 3% included ‘Rongshu 2301’, ‘Rongshu 2315’, ‘Guangshu 87’, ‘Rongshu 2321’, ‘Rongshu 2310’ and so on. (3) Cluster analysis of selenium sensitivity of different sweet potato strains showed that ‘Rongshu 2306’, ‘Rongshu 2315’ and ‘Rongshu 2301’ were more sensitive to selenium. The selenium sensitivity index was between 0.89 and 0.91, and the yield increase rate of selenium fertilizer treatment was between 9.82% and 12.48% compared with the control. In conclusion, ‘Rongshu 2306’, ‘Rongshu 2301’ and ‘Rongshu 2315’ had strong selenium enrichment ability and high fresh tuber yield, which were suitable for planting as selenium-enriched sweet potato varieties and parent materials for breeding new selenium-enriched sweet potato varieties.

Key words: sweet potato, organic selenium, selenium fertilizer, accumulation, cluster analysis, selenium sensitivity index

张小红, 鄢铮, 魏广彪. 不同品系甘薯对外源有机硒富集能力比较[J]. 中国农学通报, 2025, 41(8): 31-38.

ZHANG Xiaohong, YAN Zheng, WEI Guangbiao. Different Strains of Sweet Potato: Comparison of Accumulation Ability of Exogenous Organic Selenium[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2025, 41(8): 31-38.

图/表 7

参考文献 35

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品系（种）	对照组/(mg/kg薯干)	硒肥组/(mg/kg薯干)	比对照增加率/%	增加率排序
榕薯2301	0.036 i	0.153 de	325.00	2
榕薯2302	0.052 bcdefg	0.156 de	200.00	8
榕薯2303	0.045 fghi	0.046 j	2.22	23
榕薯2304	0.047 defgh	0.125 f	165.96	12
榕薯2305	0.061 ab	0.173 bc	183.61	11
榕薯2306	0.045 fghi	0.200 a	344.44	1
榕薯2307	0.047 defgh	0.050 j	6.38	21
榕薯2308	0.049 cdefgh	0.101 g	106.12	17
榕薯2309	0.036 i	0.083 hi	130.56	14
榕薯2310	0.054 bcdef	0.176 b	225.93	6
榕薯2311	0.058 abc	0.130 f	124.14	15
榕薯2312	0.047 defgh	0.105 g	123.40	16
榕薯2313	0.044 ghi	0.128 f	190.91	9
榕薯2315	0.041 hi	0.151 e	268.29	4
榕薯2316	0.055 bcde	0.096 gh	74.55	18
广薯87	0.043 ghi	0.159 cde	269.77	3
榕薯2318	0.047 efgh	0.050 j	6.38	21
榕薯2319	0.046 efgh	0.132 f	186.96	10
榕薯2320	0.066 a	0.071 i	7.58	20
榕薯2321	0.050 cdefgh	0.178 b	256.00	5
榕薯2322	0.052 bcdefg	0.168 bcd	223.08	7
榕薯2323	0.052 bcdefg	0.123 f	136.54	13
榕薯2324	0.056 bcd	0.094 gh	67.86	19

品系（种）	对照组/(mg/kg薯干)	硒肥组/(mg/kg薯干)	比对照增加率/%	增加率排序
榕薯2301	0.036 i	0.153 de	325.00	2
榕薯2302	0.052 bcdefg	0.156 de	200.00	8
榕薯2303	0.045 fghi	0.046 j	2.22	23
榕薯2304	0.047 defgh	0.125 f	165.96	12
榕薯2305	0.061 ab	0.173 bc	183.61	11
榕薯2306	0.045 fghi	0.200 a	344.44	1
榕薯2307	0.047 defgh	0.050 j	6.38	21
榕薯2308	0.049 cdefgh	0.101 g	106.12	17
榕薯2309	0.036 i	0.083 hi	130.56	14
榕薯2310	0.054 bcdef	0.176 b	225.93	6
榕薯2311	0.058 abc	0.130 f	124.14	15
榕薯2312	0.047 defgh	0.105 g	123.40	16
榕薯2313	0.044 ghi	0.128 f	190.91	9
榕薯2315	0.041 hi	0.151 e	268.29	4
榕薯2316	0.055 bcde	0.096 gh	74.55	18
广薯87	0.043 ghi	0.159 cde	269.77	3
榕薯2318	0.047 efgh	0.050 j	6.38	21
榕薯2319	0.046 efgh	0.132 f	186.96	10
榕薯2320	0.066 a	0.071 i	7.58	20
榕薯2321	0.050 cdefgh	0.178 b	256.00	5
榕薯2322	0.052 bcdefg	0.168 bcd	223.08	7
榕薯2323	0.052 bcdefg	0.123 f	136.54	13
榕薯2324	0.056 bcd	0.094 gh	67.86	19

品系（种）	对照组小区薯块硒累积量/mg	硒肥组小区薯块硒累积量/mg		各小区施硒量/ mg		薯块硒吸收利用率/%		薯块硒吸收利用率排序
榕薯2301	0.32 ef	1.51 b		30		3.96		2
榕薯2302	0.44 abcd	1.41 b		30		3.25		8
榕薯2303	0.37 def	0.37 h		30		0.02		23
榕薯2304	0.40 cde	1.10 cd		30		2.36		12
榕薯2305	0.51 a	1.45 b		30		3.13		9
榕薯2306	0.39 cdef	1.97 a		30		5.28		1
榕薯2307	0.37 def	0.40 h		30		0.10		20
榕薯2308	0.43 bcd	0.93 e		30		1.67		16
榕薯2309	0.31 f	0.73 g		30		1.42		17
榕薯2310	0.44 abcd	1.49 b		30		3.48		6
榕薯2311	0.51 a	1.21 c		30		2.30		13
榕薯2312	0.39 cdef	0.91 ef		30		1.73		15
榕薯2313	0.37 def	1.12 cd	30		2.50		11
榕薯2315	0.37 def	1.54 b	30		3.89		3
榕薯2316	0.42 cd	0.76 fg	30		1.13		18
广薯87	0.40 cde	1.56 b	30		3.86		4
榕薯2318	0.40 cde	0.41 h	30		0.05		21
榕薯2319	0.40 cde	1.19 c	30		2.65		10
榕薯2320	0.50 ab	0.51 h	30		0.04		22
榕薯2321	0.41 cde	1.48 b	30		3.58		5
榕薯2322	0.42 cd	1.40 b	30		3.29		7
榕薯2323	0.41 cde	1.02 de	30		2.03		14
榕薯2324	0.46 abc	0.77 fg	30		1.03		19

品系（种）	对照组小区薯块硒累积量/mg	硒肥组小区薯块硒累积量/mg		各小区施硒量/ mg		薯块硒吸收利用率/%		薯块硒吸收利用率排序
榕薯2301	0.32 ef	1.51 b		30		3.96		2
榕薯2302	0.44 abcd	1.41 b		30		3.25		8
榕薯2303	0.37 def	0.37 h		30		0.02		23
榕薯2304	0.40 cde	1.10 cd		30		2.36		12
榕薯2305	0.51 a	1.45 b		30		3.13		9
榕薯2306	0.39 cdef	1.97 a		30		5.28		1
榕薯2307	0.37 def	0.40 h		30		0.10		20
榕薯2308	0.43 bcd	0.93 e		30		1.67		16
榕薯2309	0.31 f	0.73 g		30		1.42		17
榕薯2310	0.44 abcd	1.49 b		30		3.48		6
榕薯2311	0.51 a	1.21 c		30		2.30		13
榕薯2312	0.39 cdef	0.91 ef		30		1.73		15
榕薯2313	0.37 def	1.12 cd	30		2.50		11
榕薯2315	0.37 def	1.54 b	30		3.89		3
榕薯2316	0.42 cd	0.76 fg	30		1.13		18
广薯87	0.40 cde	1.56 b	30		3.86		4
榕薯2318	0.40 cde	0.41 h	30		0.05		21
榕薯2319	0.40 cde	1.19 c	30		2.65		10
榕薯2320	0.50 ab	0.51 h	30		0.04		22
榕薯2321	0.41 cde	1.48 b	30		3.58		5
榕薯2322	0.42 cd	1.40 b	30		3.29		7
榕薯2323	0.41 cde	1.02 de	30		2.03		14
榕薯2324	0.46 abc	0.77 fg	30		1.03		19

品系（种）	对照组小区鲜薯产量/kg	硒肥组小区鲜薯产量/kg	比对照增产率/%	硒敏感指数
榕薯2301	32.99 abcdefg	36.23 abc	9.82	0.91
榕薯2302	32.76 abcdefg	34.12 abcde	4.15	0.96
榕薯2303	35.01 abc	34.42 abcde	-1.69	1.02
榕薯2304	33.27 abcdef	34.78 abcd	4.54	0.96
榕薯2305	31.01 efg	31.13 fgh	0.39	1.00
榕薯2306	31.56 defg	35.50 abcd	12.48	0.89
榕薯2307	33.01 abcdefg	33.42 cdefg	1.24	0.99
榕薯2308	34.53 abcd	36.40 ab	5.42	0.95
榕薯2309	35.45 ab	36.23 abc	2.20	0.98
榕薯2310	30.16 g	30.89 gh	2.42	0.98
榕薯2311	33.99 abcde	35.38 abcd	4.09	0.96
榕薯2312	32.57 bcdefg	33.62 bcdefg	3.22	0.97
榕薯2313	33.36 abcdef	34.51 abcde	3.45	0.97
榕薯2315	33.02 abcdefg	36.70a	11.14	0.90
榕薯2316	32.28 cdefg	32.92 defgh	1.98	0.98
广薯87	33.47 abcdef	35.20 abcd	5.17	0.95
榕薯2318	35.68 a	33.92 abcde	-4.93	1.05
榕薯2319	33.75 abcde	34.68 abcd	2.76	0.97
榕薯2320	32.87 abcdefg	31.05 fgh	-5.54	1.06
榕薯2321	30.02 g	30.43 h	1.37	0.99
榕薯2322	30.56 fg	31.69 efgh	3.70	0.96
榕薯2323	32.03 cdefg	33.32 defg	4.03	0.96
榕薯2324	33.89 abcde	33.71 bcdef	-0.53	1.01