植物生长调节剂复配对甘薯薯苗生长及产量的影响

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2023-0146

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为研究不同植物生长调节剂复配组合对甘薯生长增产的效果，以‘烟薯25’为试验材料，开展甘薯苗期与田间药效试验。苗期试验中，167 mg/kg的0.02%二氢卟吩铁SP分别与50 mg/kg的NAA、IBA和IAA进行复配处理，3个复配处理组甘薯的发根数及根鲜重高于清水对照，其中0.02%二氢卟吩铁SP与NAA复配表现最佳，发根数与清水对照呈显著性差异。田间试验中，各植物生长调节剂复配处理的甘薯产量均高于清水对照，其中0.02%二氢卟吩铁SP分别和IBA、NAA的复配处理小区平均产量高于对照药剂（50 mg/kg 60%氯化胆碱AS），与清水对照相比产量增幅分别为12.2%和21.3%。各植物生长调节剂复配处理后，甘薯的大薯率和中薯率均高于清水对照，植物生长调节的施用加快了薯块膨大速度，这可能是甘薯产量提升的重要原因之一。田间施用各处理药剂均无药害发生，各处理裂薯率为5.3%~6.7%，各处理间无显著性差异。167 mg/kg的0.02%二氢卟吩铁SP与50 mg/kg的NAA复配对甘薯的生长增产促进效果最佳。

关键词: 植物生长调节剂, 二氢卟吩铁可溶性粉剂, 甘薯, 产量, 品质

Abstract:

In order to investigate the effects of different combinations of plant growth regulators on the growth and yield of sweet potato, Ipomoea batatas ‘Yanshu25’ was used as experimental material to carry out seedling and field experiments. In the seedling test, the number of roots and root weight in the three combined treatments of 0.02% chlorin iron SP (167 mg/kg) with 50 mg/kg of NAA, IBA and IAA were higher than those in the control treatment of water, among which the combination of 0.02% chlorin iron SP with NAA had a significant effect on the number of hair roots compared with the water treatment plants. In field experiments, the yield of sweet potato treated with various combinations of plant growth regulators was higher than the control group with water. Among them, the treatment with a combination of 0.02% chlorin iron SP, IBA and NAA had a higher average yield compared to the control agent (50 mg/kg 60% choline chloride AS). The yield compared to the water treatment plants increased by 12.2% and 21.3% respectively. The large and medium potato rates were higher than the control after the compound treatment of each plant growth regulator, and the application of plant growth regulators promoted the rate of potato expansion, which may be one of the important reasons for the increased yield. No drug damage was occurred in the field with the application of each treatment, and the rate of cracked sweet potato in each treatment ranged from 5.3% to 6.7%, with no significant difference between treatments. Therefore, the combination of 167 mg/kg of 0.02% chlorin iron SP and 50 mg/kg of NAA showed the best effect on the growth and yield promotion of sweet potato.

Key words: plant growth regulator, iron chlorin soluble powder, sweet potato, yield, quality

陈晶伟, 马居奎, 高方园, 张成玲, 杨冬静, 唐伟, 谢逸萍, 孙厚俊. 植物生长调节剂复配对甘薯薯苗生长及产量的影响[J]. 中国农学通报, 2024, 40(7): 8-13.

CHEN Jingwei, MA Jukui, GAO Fangyuan, ZHANG Chengling, YANG Dongjing, TANG Wei, XIE Yiping, SUN Houjun. Effects of Combinations of Plant Growth Regulators on Growth and Yield of Sweet Potato at Seedling Stage[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2024, 40(7): 8-13.

图/表 5

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处理	药剂用量	药剂分配比例
T₁	0.02%二氢卟吩铁SP 167 mg/kg +IAA 50 mg/kg	1:1
T₂	0.02%二氢卟吩铁SP167 mg/kg +IBA 50 mg/kg	1:1
T₃	0.02%二氢卟吩铁SP167 mg/kg +NAA 50 mg/kg	1:1
T₄	60%氯化胆碱AS 50 mg/kg
T₅	清水对照

处理	药剂用量	药剂分配比例
T₁	0.02%二氢卟吩铁SP 167 mg/kg +IAA 50 mg/kg	1:1
T₂	0.02%二氢卟吩铁SP167 mg/kg +IBA 50 mg/kg	1:1
T₃	0.02%二氢卟吩铁SP167 mg/kg +NAA 50 mg/kg	1:1
T₄	60%氯化胆碱AS 50 mg/kg
T₅	清水对照

处理	发根数/根	根长/cm	根鲜重/g
T₁	22.67±5.03bc	8.82±0.25a	0.27±0.01a
T₂	29.67±3.79ab	6.65±1.28b	0.18±0.03a
T₃	35.67±9.02a	7.51±1.18ab	0.26±0.08a
T₄	12.56±1.52d	8.67±1.42a	0.16±0.06a
T₅	15.33±1.53cd	7.92±0.38b	0.17±0.06a

处理	发根数/根	根长/cm	根鲜重/g
T₁	22.67±5.03bc	8.82±0.25a	0.27±0.01a
T₂	29.67±3.79ab	6.65±1.28b	0.18±0.03a
T₃	35.67±9.02a	7.51±1.18ab	0.26±0.08a
T₄	12.56±1.52d	8.67±1.42a	0.16±0.06a
T₅	15.33±1.53cd	7.92±0.38b	0.17±0.06a

处理	大薯率/%	大薯数/个	中薯率/%	中薯数/个	小薯率/%	小薯数/个
T₁	39.00±9.6a	11.67±2.52ab	47.33±7.64a	50.33±4.51ab	14.00±1.00a	34.33±5.50a
T₂	42.67±17.16a	16.33±4.93a	47.67±9.29a	52.00±12.50ab	14.00±2.00a	37.33±4.62a
T₃	27.67±5.69a	8.67±2.52ab	56.67±11.24a	66.33±18.78a	15.33±5.86a	41.00±11.53a
T₄	34.33±12.50a	11.67±4.51ab	48.67±11.06a	50.67±14.57ab	16.67±4.51a	41.67±19.55a
T₅	29.67±11.87a	8.33±4.51b	44.00±11.53a	41.67±4.51b	16.33±5.03a	38.33±16.50a