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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2024, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (7): 33-38.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2023-0184

• 林学·园艺·园林 • 上一篇    下一篇

灌水量和灌水频率对设施小果型西瓜产量和品质的影响

王林闯1,2(), 刘璐1,2, 李建明3, 尹莲1,2, 许文钊1,2, 罗德旭1,2, 孙玉东1,2, 赵建锋1,2()   

  1. 1 江苏徐淮地区淮阴农业科学研究所，江苏淮安 223001
    2 淮安市设施蔬菜重点实验室，江苏淮安 223001
    3 西北农林科技大学园艺学院，陕西杨凌 712100
  • 收稿日期:2023-03-13 修回日期:2023-11-09 出版日期:2024-02-27 发布日期:2024-02-27
  • 通讯作者:
    赵建锋，男，1977年出生，陕西宝鸡人，副研究员，硕士，主要从事蔬菜育种及栽培技术研究工作。通信地址：223001 江苏省淮安市淮海北路104号 淮安市农科院，Tel：0517-83669782，E-mail：。
  • 作者简介:

    王林闯，男，1983年出生，助理研究员，硕士，主要从事蔬菜设施栽培及工厂化育苗方面研究工作。通信地址：223001 江苏省淮安市淮海北路104号 淮安市农科院，Tel：0517-83669782，E-mail：。

  • 基金资助:
    淮安市农业科学研究院院长科研基金资助项目“基于西瓜品质提升的设施栽培关键技术研究”(HNY202103); 2021年省政策引导类计划（苏北科技专项）资助项目“嫁接西瓜优质高效标准化栽培技术示范与推广”(SZ-HA2021009); 国家西甜瓜产业技术体系-淮安综合试验站资助项目(CARS-25)

Effects of Irrigation Amount and Frequency on Yield and Quality of Small-fruit Watermelon in Greenhouse

WANG Linchuang1,2(), LIU Lu1,2, LI Jianming3, YIN Lian1,2, XU Wenzhao1,2, LUO Dexu1,2, SUN Yudong1,2, ZHAO Jianfeng1,2()   

  1. 1 Huaiyin Institute of Agricultural Science in Xuhuai Area of Jiangsu Province, Huai'an, Jiangsu 223001
    2 Huai'an Key Laboratory for Facility Vegetables, Huai'an, Jiangsu 223001
    3 College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100
  • Received:2023-03-13 Revised:2023-11-09 Published-:2024-02-27 Online:2024-02-27

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摘要：

以20 cm蒸发皿水面蒸发量为灌水依据，结合西瓜不同生育阶段需水规律，研究灌水量和灌水频率对设施小果型西瓜生长、产量和品质的影响。结果表明，西瓜植株的茎粗、叶片叶绿素含量、果实产量、品质和灌溉水分利用效率与灌水量、灌水频率存在密切的相关性，其中W2F2（灌水量75%Ep，灌溉频率6 d）处理综合表现最佳，该处理西瓜果实的可溶性固形物、葡萄糖、蔗糖、果糖和番茄红素含量等品质指标均最高，硝酸盐含量较低，产量达41247 kg/hm2，与产量最高的W3F1（灌水量90%Ep，灌溉频率3 d）没有显著差异，灌溉水分利用效率为53.4 kg/m3，与最高的W1F1（灌水量60%Ep，灌溉频率3 d）没有显著差异，其他指标均处于中间水平，为最优灌水技术方案。研究结果可为设施小果型西瓜绿色优质生产提供理论和技术支持。

关键词: 西瓜, 灌水量, 灌水频率, 产量, 品质, 灌溉水分利用效率

Abstract:

Based on the water surface evaporation of a 20 cm evaporating dish and the water demand law of watermelon at different growth stages, the effects of irrigation amount and irrigation frequency on the growth, yield and quality of small-fruit watermelon were studied. The results showed that the stem diameter, leaf chlorophyll content, fruit yield, quality and irrigation water use efficiency of watermelon were closely related to irrigation amount and irrigation frequency. Among them, W2F2 (irrigation volume 75%Ep, irrigation frequency 6 d) had the best comprehensive performance. The quality indexes of watermelon fruit such as soluble solids, glucose, sucrose, fructose and lycopene content in this treatment were the highest, and the nitrate content was low; the yield reached 41247 kg/hm2, which had no significant difference from W3F1 (irrigation volume 90%Ep, irrigation frequency 3 d) with the highest yield; the irrigation water use efficiency was 53.4 kg/m3, and there was no significant difference from the highest W1F1 (irrigation volume 60%Ep, irrigation frequency 3 d); other indexes were at the middle level, indicating that W2F2 was the best irrigation technology scheme. This study can provide theoretical and technical support for green and high-quality production of small-fruit watermelon in greenhouse.

Key words: watermelon, irrigation amount, irrigation frequency, yield, quality, irrigation water use efficiency