植物盐胁迫研究进展

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2025-0403

中国农学通报 ›› 2025, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (22): 82-88.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2025-0403

• 资源·环境·生态·土壤·气象 • 上一篇下一篇

植物盐胁迫研究进展

常长越¹^,²(), 颜宏¹^,², 卢雨欣¹^,², 秦涛¹^,², 白亚妮¹^,²()

¹ 陕西省生物农业研究所，西安 710043
² 陕西省酶工程技术研究中心，陕西临潼 710699

收稿日期:2025-05-21 修回日期:2025-07-16 出版日期:2025-08-05 发布日期:2025-08-11
通讯作者:
白亚妮，女，1983年出生，陕西宜君人，副研究员，博士，研究方向：环境微生物学。通信地址：710043 陕西省西安市咸宁中路125号陕西省生物农业研究所，Tel：029-83825687，E-mail：baiyn@xab.ac.cn。
作者简介:
常长越，女，1996年出生，陕西西安人，研究实习员，硕士，研究方向：农业废弃物综合利用。通信地址：710043 陕西省西安市咸宁中路125号陕西省生物农业研究所，Tel：029-83825687，E-mail：changzy@xab.ac.cn。
基金资助:
西安市科技局农业重点产业链关键技术攻关项目“设施蔬菜盐渍化土壤地力提升及修复技术研究与示范”(23NYGG0006); 陕西省生物农业研究所所研基金项目“微生物缓解盐胁迫下马铃薯促生的机理研究”(2025SY02); 陕西省重点研发计划项目“凹凸棒和风化煤提高牛粪蚯蚓堆肥品质研究及应用示范”(2023-YBNY-252)

Research Progress of Salt Stress on Plant

CHANG Zhangyue¹^,²(), YAN Hong¹^,², LU Yuxin¹^,², QIN Tao¹^,², BAI Yani¹^,²()

¹ Bio-Agriculture Institute of Shaanxi, Xi’an 710043
² Enzyme Engineering Research Center of Shaanxi, Lintong, Shaanxi 710699

Received:2025-05-21 Revised:2025-07-16 Published:2025-08-05 Online:2025-08-11

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

全球盐碱化日益严重，导致耕地退化加剧，严重威胁植物生长。本研究概述了盐碱地土壤中盐离子的组成与分布特征，阐明了盐胁迫对植物生长、光合作用、根际分泌物及微生物群落的不利影响，总结了当前缓解植物盐胁迫的化学、物理及微生物调控方法。在此基础上，分析了现有研究中存在的盐分评价标准不统一、土壤离子组成复杂性等关键问题，提出了分区域建立分级标准、构建土壤盐分变化时间空间动态模型的建议。展望未来，在微生物调控领域，合成菌群(SynComs)凭借其功能协同性、生态稳定性、综合效益及技术可扩展性等优势，有望成为盐碱地改良研究与应用的重要方向。本研究可为盐碱地改良及植物耐盐性提升提供理论依据和技术支撑。

关键词: 盐胁迫, 盐离子, 植物, 合成菌群, 微生物, 研究进展

Abstract:

The global salinization is becoming more and more serious, leading to intensified degradation of cultivated land and threatening plant growth seriously. In the current study, the composition and distribution characteristics of salt ions in saline-alkali soil were summarized. The negative effects of salt stress on plant growth, photosynthesis, rhizosphere secretions and microbial communities were clarified. The current chemical, physical and microbial regulation methods for alleviating plant salt stress were summarized. On this basis, the key problems such as the inconsistent evaluation criteria of salinity and the complexity of soil ion composition in existing studies were revealed, and targeted suggestions were proposed as follows: (1) establishing classification criteria by region; (2) developping a temporal and spatial dynamic model of soil salinity change. Furthermore, synthetic flora (SynComs) is expected to become an important direction for research and application of saline-alkali land improvement with its advantages of functional synergy, ecological stability, improvement of comprehensive benefits and technical scalability. Overall, the current study provides theoretical basis and technical support for the improvement of saline-alkali soil and the enhancement of plant salt tolerance.

Key words: salt stress, salt ion, plant, SynComs, microorganism, research progress

常长越, 颜宏, 卢雨欣, 秦涛, 白亚妮. 植物盐胁迫研究进展[J]. 中国农学通报, 2025, 41(22): 82-88.

CHANG Zhangyue, YAN Hong, LU Yuxin, QIN Tao, BAI Yani. Research Progress of Salt Stress on Plant[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2025, 41(22): 82-88.

参考文献 64

[1]	SHAHID S A, ZAMAN M, HENG L. Soil salinity:Historical perspectives and a world overview of the problem[A].// Guideline for salinity assessment, mitigation and adaptation using nuclear and related techniques[M]. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018:43-53.
[2]	ZHOU H P, SHI H F, YANG Y Q, et al. Insights into plant salt stress signaling and tolerance[J]. Journal of genetics and genomics, 2024, 51(1):16-34.
[3]	刘涛. 宁夏引黄灌区盐碱荒地水肥盐与植物根系调控技术研究[D]. 北京: 北京林业大学, 2020.
[4]	ZHANG Z, FENG S, LUO J, et al. Evaluation of microbial assemblages in various saline-alkaline soils driven by soluble salt ion components[J]. Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, 2021, 69(11):3390-3400. doi: 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c00210 pmid: 33703896
[5]	徐子棋, 许晓鸿. 松嫩平原苏打盐碱地成因、特点及治理措施研究进展[J]. 中国水土保持, 2018(2):54-59.
[6]	王楠. 设施栽培年限对设施土壤生态环境的影响及次生盐渍化土壤的改良[D]. 重庆: 西南大学, 2012.
[7]	BAI Y, REN P, FENG P, et al. Shift in rhizospheric and endophytic bacterial communities of tomato caused by salinity and grafting[J]. Science of the total environment, 2020, 724:139388.
[8]	侯尹婕, 黄欣, 冯梦娇, 等. 十二份西瓜种质资源耐盐性鉴定[J]. 北方园艺, 2025(7):1-8.
[9]	周超凡, 宋炘眙, 颜宏金, 等. 荞麦种子萌发期耐旱和耐盐碱性综合评价[J]. 西北农林科技大学学报(自然科学版), 2025(8):1-10.
[10]	刘月. 河套灌区微咸水胁迫下基于渗透-光合反馈的枸杞抗盐及微生物肥调盐机理研究[D]. 呼和浩特: 内蒙古农业大学, 2023.
[11]	郑经东. 土壤盐分对油菜光合、物质积累与碳氮生理的影响研究[D]. 扬州: 扬州大学, 2023.
[12]	GONG X L, CHAO L, ZHOU M, et al. Oxidative damages of maize seedlings caused by exposure to a combination of potassium deficiency and salt stress[J]. Plant and soil, 2011, 340(1-2):443-452.
[13]	FAROOQ M, GOGOI N, HUSSAIN M, et al. Effects, tolerance mechanisms and management of salt stress in grain legumes[J]. Plant physiology and biochemistry, 2017, 118:199-217. doi: S0981-9428(17)30211-5 pmid: 28648997
[14]	GILL S S, TUTEJA N. Reactive oxygen species and antioxidant machinery in abiotic stress tolerance in crop plants[J]. Plant physiology and biochemistry, 2010, 48(12):909-930. doi: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2010.08.016 pmid: 20870416
[15]	李小艳. 设施土壤障碍分析与平衡肥施用效果研究[J]. 农学学报, 2022, 12(6):39-43. doi: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas2021-0016
[16]	吴清莹, 林宇龙, 孙一航, 等. 根系分泌物对植物生长和土壤养分吸收的影响研究进展[J]. 中国草地学报, 2021, 43(11):97-104.
[17]	陈虹, 唐昊冶, 郭家欢, 等. 根系分泌物主要作用及解析技术进展[J]. 土壤, 2023, 55(2):225-233.
[18]	CONTRERAS-CORNEJO H A, MACÍAS-RODRÍGUEZ L I, ALFARO-CUEVAS R, et al. Trichoderma spp. improve growth of Arabidopsis seedlings under salt stress through enhanced root development, osmolite production, and Na⁺ elimination through root exudates[J]. Molecular plant-microbe interactions, 2014, 27(6):503-514.
[19]	TAHERI S, RONAGHI A, FASAEI R G, et al. Co-ordination of root salinity and shoot zinc level with rhizosphere organic acid secretion in maize[J]. Rhizosphere, 2020, 14:100197.
[20]	蔡树美, 诸海焘, 俞晓梅, 等. 土壤盐分含量对设施蔬菜根际微生物群落结构的影响[J]. 土壤通报, 2024, 55(5):1453-1461.
[21]	李岩, 杨晓东, 秦璐, 等. 两种盐生植物根际土壤细菌多样性和群落结构[J]. 生态学报, 2018, 38(9):3118-3131.
[22]	董静, 邢锦城, 温祝桂, 等. 苏北滩涂盐碱地3种典型盐生植物根际土壤细菌多样性及群落结构分析[J]. 江苏农业科学, 2021, 49(8):212-218.
[23]	YUE H, ZHAO L, YANG D, et al. Comparative analysis of the endophytic bacterial diversity of Populus euphratica Oliv. in environments of different salinity intensities[J]. Microbiology spectrum, 2022, 10(3):5-22.
[24]	JIANG C, ZU C, LU D, et al. Effect of exogenous selenium supply on photosynthesis, Na⁺ accumulation and antioxidative capacity of maize (Zea mays L.) under salinity stress[J]. Scientific reports, 2017, 7:42039.
[25]	户可欣, 高铱遥, 许世奇, 等. 氨基酸肥料和鼠李糖脂配施对番茄耐盐性和产量的影响[J]. 干旱地区农业研究, 2024, 42(5):139-146.
[26]	XIA W, MENG W, PENG Y, et al. Effects of exogenous isosteviol on the physiological characteristics of Brassica napus seedlings under salt stress[J]. Plants, 2024, 13(2):217.
[27]	JIANG W, WANG X, WANG Y, et al. S-ABA enhances rice salt tolerance by regulating Na⁺/K⁺ balance and hormone homeostasis[J]. Metabolites, 2024, 14(4):181.
[28]	宋晨, 刘莎莎, 王简, 等. 外源褪黑素对盐胁迫下棉花生长发育、抗氧化酶活性及渗透调节物质含量的影响[J]. 棉花学报, 2024, 36(6):486-498.
[29]	YAN K, BIAN T, HE W, et al. Root abscisic acid contributes to defending photoinhibition in Jerusalem artichoke (Helianthus tuberosus L.) under salt stress[J]. International journal of molecular sciences, 2018, 19(12):3964.
[30]	赵宝泉, 邢锦城, 王静, 等. 水杨酸对盐胁迫下杭白菊幼苗生长和生理特性的影响[J]. 吉林农业大学学报, 2020, 42(4):370-379.
[31]	GAO Z, ZHANG J, ZHANG W, et al. Nitric oxide alleviates salt-induced stress damage by regulating the ascorbate-glutathione cycle and Na/K homeostasis in Nitraria tangutorum Bobr[J]. Plant physiology and biochemistry, 2022, 173:46-58.
[32]	SHEN Z J, CHEN J, GHOTO K, et al. Proteomic analysis on mangrove plant Avicennia marina leaves reveals nitric oxide enhances the salt tolerance by up-regulating photosynthetic and energy metabolic protein expression[J]. Tree physiology, 2018, 38(12):1605-1622.
[33]	GYEDRE A S D, STELAMARIS P O D, KENNEDY S P P D, et al. H₂O₂ priming promotes salt tolerance in maize by protecting chloroplasts ultrastructure and primary metabolites modulation[J]. Plant science, 2021, 303:110774.
[34]	KANWAR M K, SUN S, CHU X, et al. Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) induce salt tolerance by improving the antioxidant system and photosynthetic machinery in tomato[J]. Plant physiology and biochemistry, 2022, 178:10-19.
[35]	ALI B, QIAN P, SUN R, et al. Magnesium nanoparticles extirpate salt stress in carrots (Daucus carota L.) through metabolomics regulations[J]. Scientia horticulturae, 2023, 309:111678.
[36]	IJAZ U, AHMED T, RIZWAN M, et al. Rice straw based silicon nanoparticles improve morphological and nutrient profile of rice plants under salinity stress by triggering physiological and genetic repair mechanisms[J]. Plant physiology and biochemistry, 2023, 201:107788.
[37]	REZA S, ALIREZA I, GHADER H, et al. Selenium nanoparticle protected strawberry against salt stress through modifications in salicylic acid, ion homeostasis, antioxidant machinery, and photosynthesis performance[J]. Acta biologica cracoviensia series botanica, 2020, 62(1):33-42.
[38]	MUSHTAQ A, JAMIL N, RIAZ M, et al. Synthesis of silica nanoparticles and their effect on priming of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) under salinity stress[J]. Biological forum, 2017, 9:150-157.
[39]	GIANLUIGI G, SILVIA P, GIOVANNA V. The contribution of PGPR in salt stress tolerance in crops: Unravelling the molecular mechanisms of cross-talk between plant and bacteria[J]. Plants, 2023, 12(11):2197.
[40]	BHATTACHARYYA P N, JHA D K. Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR): Emergence in agriculture[J]. World journal of microbiology and biotechnology, 2012, 28(4):1327-1350.
[41]	VAISHNAV A, KUMARI S, JAIN S, et al. Putative bacterial volatile-mediated growth in soybean (Glycine max L. Merrill) and expression of induced proteins under salt stress[J]. Journal of applied microbiology, 2015, 119(2):539-551.
[42]	DEYU C, YING X, FEI Z, et al. Improved salt tolerance of Chenopodium quinoa Willd. contributed by Pseudomonas sp. strain M30-35[J]. Peer J, 2021, 9:e10702.
[43]	YUE Z, CHEN Y, WANG Y, et al. Halotolerant Bacillus altitudinis WR10 improves salt tolerance in wheat via a multi-level mechanism[J]. Frontiers in plant science, 2022, 13:941388.
[44]	王丹, 赵亚光, 张凤华. 耐盐促生菌筛选、鉴定及对盐胁迫小麦的效应[J]. 麦类作物学报, 2020, 40(1):110-117.
[45]	ABDELAZIZ M E, KIM D, ALI S, et al. The endophytic fungus Piriformospora indica enhances Arabidopsis thaliana growth and modulates Na⁺/K⁺ homeostasis under salt stress conditions[J]. Plant science, 2017, 263:107-115.
[46]	BAMAWAL D, BHARTI N, PANDEY S S, et al. Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria enhance wheat salt and drought stress tolerance by altering endogenous phytohormone levels and TaCTR1/TaDREB2 expression[J]. Physiologia plantarum, 2017, 161(4):502-514.
[47]	FIGUEIREDO M V, BURITY H A, MARTINEZ C R, et al. Alleviation of drought stress in the common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) by co-inoculation with Paenibacillus polymyxa and Rhizobium tropici[J]. Applied soil ecology, 2008, 40(2):182-188.
[48]	NADEEM S M, ZAHIR Z A, NAVEED M, et al. Rhizobacteria containing ACC-deaminase confer salt tolerance in maize grown on salt-affected fields[J]. Canadian journal of microbiology, 2009, 55(3):302-309.
[49]	KUMAR A, SINGH S, GAURAV A K, et al. Plant growth-promoting bacteria: Biological tools for the mitigation of salinity stress in plants[J]. Frontiers in microbiology, 2020, 11:1216. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.01216 pmid: 32733391
[50]	GUPTA A, MISHRA R, RAI S, et al. Mechanistic insights of plant growth promoting bacteria mediated drought and salt stress tolerance in plants for sustainable agriculture[J]. International journal of molecular sciences, 2022, 23(7):3741.
[51]	XIONG Y W, JU X Y, LI X W, et al. Fermentation conditions optimization, purification, and antioxidant activity of exopolysaccharides obtained from the plant growth-promoting endophytic actinobacterium Glutamicibacter halophytocola KLBMP 5180[J]. International journal of biological macromolecules, 2020, 153:1176-1185.
[52]	TALEBI ATOUEI M, POURBABAEE A A, SHORAFA M. Alleviation of salinity stress on some growth parameters of wheat by exopolysaccharide-producing bacteria[J]. Iranian journal of science and technology, 2019, 43(5):2725-2733.
[53]	HAROON U, MUNIS M F H, LIAQUAT F, et al. Biofilm formation and flocculation potential analysis of halotolerant Bacillus tequilensis and its inoculation in soil to mitigate salinity stress of chickpea[J]. Physiology and molecular biology of plants, 2023, 29(2):277-288.
[54]	NIRAJ K, SAIKAT H, RATUL S. Root exudation as a strategy for plants to deal with salt stress: An updated review[J]. Environmental and experimental botany, 2023, 216:105197.
[55]	ZHANG X, ZHANG G, LI P, et al. Synthetic bacterial community derived from a desert rhizosphere confers salt stress resilience to tomato in the presence of a soil microbiome[J]. Microbiome, 2022, 10(1):146.
[56]	WANG Y, LI J, LIU H, et al. Soil conditions and the plant microbiome boost the accumulation of monoterpenes in the fruit of Citrus reticulata ‘Chachi’[J]. The ISME journal, 2023, 17(4):789-801.
[57]	骆霞, 滕元旭, 张雪蒙, 等. 外源氯化血红素对NaCl胁迫下加工番茄幼苗生理特性的影响[J]. 北方园艺, 2023(18):1-8.
[58]	不同水稻不育系对盐胁迫的生理响应及耐盐性评价[J]. 江苏农业科学, 2024, 52(16):101-109.
[59]	霖锋, 王建鹏, 刘威帆, 等. 深旋耕作和滴灌定额对盐碱地玉米抗逆生理特性的影响[J]. 中国农业大学学报, 2025, 30(7):196-209.
[60]	郭双双, 王勇辉. 艾比湖流域风沙土盐分特征分析[J]. 干旱地区农业研究, 2013, 31(5):196-199.
[61]	张天举, 陈永金, 刘加珍. 基于典范对应分析的滨海湿地土壤季节性盐渍化特征[J]. 生态学报, 2019, 39(9):3322-3332.
[62]	侯聪, 史海滨, 苗庆丰, 等. 河套灌区农田地下水化学特征与不同地类水盐迁移[J]. 干旱区研究, 2024, 41(11):1956-1968. doi: 10.13866/j.azr.2024.11.15
[63]	CHEN L, WANG M, DENG S, et al. Root microbiota confers rice resistance to aluminium toxicity and phosphorus deficiency in acidic soils[J]. Nature communications, 2021, 12(1):4290.
[64]	LÓPEZ-REYES K, VANNIER N, ALARCÓN A, et al. Harnessing emergent properties of microbial consortia for agriculture: Assembly of the Xilonen SynCom[J]. Biofilm, 2025, 9:100284.

植物盐胁迫研究进展

Research Progress of Salt Stress on Plant

RichHTML

PDF (PC)

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

参考文献 64

相关文章 15

编辑推荐

Metrics

本文评价

关于本刊

作者中心

审者中心

在线期刊

联系我们

[1]	梁文召, 周诗意, 韦瑞燕, 石琳亚, 刘乃新, 于清涛. 氧化石墨烯引发对盐胁迫下水稻种子萌发的影响[J]. 中国农学通报, 2025, 41(9): 1-7.
[2]	黄文茵, 张白鸽, 常静静, 陈潇, 李静, 陈雷, 赵俊宏, 罗谋雄, 宋钊. 外源肌醇对盐胁迫下番茄产量和品质的影响[J]. 中国农学通报, 2025, 41(9): 73-80.
[3]	杨莹, 樊丽, 杨志超, 曹鑫博, 葛菁萍. 壳寡糖及微生物代谢产物在农业生产中的应用[J]. 中国农学通报, 2025, 41(8): 83-89.
[4]	田沁雨, 胡华兵, 王荣华, 王茂芊. L-抗坏血酸浸种对盐胁迫下甜菜种子萌发的影响[J]. 中国农学通报, 2025, 41(6): 53-59.
[5]	王铭铰, 毛瑞清, 旷娜, 陈玉梅, 邹丹, 张明, 肖芳曦, 刘桂. 水稻镉吸收及调控研究进展[J]. 中国农学通报, 2025, 41(6): 94-99.
[6]	王立禹, 杨峰山, 付海燕, 葛志坚, 苑明睿, 刘春光. 植物对土壤微生物介导碳循环的影响[J]. 中国农学通报, 2025, 41(5): 63-68.
[7]	孙广涛, 包桂荣, 邰继承, 萨如拉, 刘乃嘉, 于淼, 李安宁. 玉米花生间作对作物及土壤特性的影响[J]. 中国农学通报, 2025, 41(5): 7-12.
[8]	包兴胜, 刘平山, 王志明, 刘欣, 车建美, 郑雪芳, 王阶平, 吴仁烨, 刘波. 菌草家园—微生物农业综合生产系统的构建[J]. 中国农学通报, 2025, 41(5): 119-129.
[9]	曹军, 王茂森, 王国铸, 赵杰, 王建明, 郑思思, 陶弢, 赵怡宁, 张才喜, 纠松涛. 梨SSR指纹图谱身份证的研究进展与展望[J]. 中国农学通报, 2025, 41(4): 25-30.
[10]	岳开心, 王佳琦, 刘乃新. 干旱胁迫下甜菜种子萌发响应转录组分析[J]. 中国农学通报, 2025, 41(3): 114-122.
[11]	罗静, 杜珊珊, 孙绘健, 姚青青, 何忠盛, 王东力. 陆地棉种质资源种子萌发期耐盐性综合评价[J]. 中国农学通报, 2025, 41(3): 25-35.
[12]	刘威, 蔡卫佳, 王昊, 罗桂杰, 刘旭. 食叶草研究进展[J]. 中国农学通报, 2025, 41(3): 36-41.
[13]	叶伟伟, 谭新凤, 侯文赫, 魏善强, 颜晓晓, 张龙. 一株地衣芽孢杆菌发酵培养基优化及其液体制剂保存的探究[J]. 中国农学通报, 2025, 41(22): 110-116.
[14]	刘晓琳, 高同雨, 苏本营, 李晶. 植物生长调节剂对‘京白梨’果形的调控作用[J]. 中国农学通报, 2025, 41(22): 57-64.
[15]	王赫. 中国光肩星天牛综合防治研究进展[J]. 中国农学通报, 2025, 41(20): 121-127.