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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2026, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (13): 55-65.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2026-0024

• 林学·园艺·园林 • 上一篇    下一篇

生物肥料对连作芹菜土壤环境、生长指标和产量的影响

冯志珍1,2(), 陈太春3, 颜宏1,2, 梁建强1,2, 赵文娟1,2, 秦涛1,2()   

  1. 1 陕西省秦岭生态安全重点实验室/陕西省生物农业研究所， 西安 710043
    2 陕西省酶工程技术研究中心， 西安 710600
    3 西安市临潼区农技推广服务中心， 西安 710600
  • 收稿日期:2026-01-04 修回日期:2026-04-13 出版日期:2026-07-15 发布日期:2026-07-09
  • 通讯作者:
    秦涛，男，1974年出生，陕西眉县人，副研究员，本科，主要从事微生物发酵研究。通信地址：710043 陕西省西安市咸宁中路125号 陕西省生物农业研究所，Tel：029-82291059，E-mail：。
  • 作者简介:

    冯志珍，女，1986年出生，内蒙古呼和浩特人，助理研究员，博士，主要从事土壤保育修复研究。通信地址：710043 陕西省西安市咸宁中路125号 陕西省生物农业研究所，Tel：029-82291059，E-mail：。

  • 基金资助:
    陕西省科学院“一所一品”品牌专项“土壤修复与土传病害绿色防控技术集成创新及品牌创建”(2022k-02); 咸阳市科技计划项目“复方中药渣生物肥料开发及其在设施蔬菜连作障碍中的产业化推广”(L2022-QCYZXNY-006); 陕西省创新能力支撑计划项目“生物技术中试研究科技共享服务平台”(2023-cX-Pt-12); 西安市农业关键技术攻关重点项目“石榴低产园改造关键技术研究与示范”(25NJSZD00016); 陕西省重点研发计划项目“陕南土石山区坡耕地改土培肥关键技术集成及示范”(2023-ZDLNY-54)

Impact of Bio-fertilizers on Soil Environment, Growth Indicators, and Yield in Celery Continuous Cropping Systems

FENG Zhizhen1,2(), CHEN Taichun3, YAN Hong1,2, LIANG Jianqiang1,2, ZHAO Wenjuan1,2, QIN Tao1,2()   

  1. 1 Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Qinling Ecological Security/ Bio-Agriculture Institute of Shaanxi, Xi’an 710043
    2 Enzyme Engineering Research Center of Shaanxi, Xi’an 710600
    3 Xi’an Lintong District Agricultural Technology Extension Service Center, Xi’an 710600
  • Received:2026-01-04 Revised:2026-04-13 Published:2026-07-15 Online:2026-07-09

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摘要：

探究不同生物肥料对连作芹菜土壤环境、根际微生物群落、生长指标及产量的影响机制，为缓解芹菜连作障碍提供理论依据。通过开展田间肥效试验，以连作3年的大棚芹菜为研究对象，设置自制牛粪生物肥料(NF)、中药渣生物肥料(ZYZ)、市售生物有机肥(DL)及空白对照(CK)，测定土壤化学和养分指标，分析根际微生物群落结构，并测定芹菜生长性状与产量，阐明其内在关联。结果表明，ZYZ可显著提高土壤有机质及有效态铁、锰等微量元素含量，NF以提高有效态锌为优势。细菌群落受pH和有机质含量驱动显著，ZYZ显著富集芽孢杆菌等有益菌，NF提高真菌多样性；真菌群落对有效磷和速效钾更敏感，而DL导致细菌多样性下降。ZYZ显著增加了芹菜茎粗和株高，NF和ZYZ增产效果优于DL，其中NF增产12.01%、ZYZ增产10.50%。自制生物肥料通过活化土壤养分和重塑根际微生态，有效缓解芹菜连作障碍，NF在产量提升上表现突出，ZYZ更利于营养生长。本研究结果可为开发芹菜连作障碍专用生物肥料提供实践参考。

关键词: 生物肥料, 连作芹菜, 土壤环境, 养分, 微生物群落, 产量

Abstract:

The study aims to investigate the mechanisms of different bio-fertilizers on soil environment, rhizosphere microbial communities, growth indicators and yield of continuously cropping celery, providing a theoretical basis for alleviating continuous cropping obstacles. A field experiment of fertilizer efficiency was conducted in a greenhouse with celery continuously cropped for three years. Four treatments were established, including self-made cow dung bio-fertilizer (NF), Chinese herbal residue bio-fertilizer (ZYZ), commercial bio-organic fertilizer (DL), and a blank control (CK). Soil chemical indicators and nutrients were analyzed, rhizosphere microbial communities were characterized, and growth traits and yield were measured to reveal the correlations among these variables. The results showed that ZYZ significantly increased the contents of soil organic matter and available iron, manganese and other trace elements. NF showed a distinct advantage in boosting available zinc. Bacterial communities were significantly driven by pH and organic matter, with ZYZ specifically enriching beneficial bacteria such as Bacillaceae, and NF increasing fungal diversity. Fungal communities were more responsive to available phosphorus and potassium. DL treatment resulted in reduction of bacterial diversity. ZYZ increased the stem diameter and plant height of celery, whereas the yield-increasing effects of NF and ZYZ were both superior to that of DL, with NF increasing yield by 12.01% and ZYZ by 10.50%. Self-made bio-fertilizers alleviate continuous cropping obstacles in celery by activating soil nutrients and reshaping the rhizosphere microbiome. NF performed outstandingly in yield increase, while ZYZ supported better vegetative growth, providing practical insights for developing specialized bio-fertilizers for continuous cropping systems.

Key words: bio-fertilizers, continuous celery cropping, soil environment, nutrients, microbial community, yield

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