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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2026, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (9): 9-15.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2025-0047

• 农学·农业基础科学 • 上一篇    下一篇

高海拔环境下8个青稞品种的种植表现研究

张玉龙1(), 周丽娟1, 郭颂1, 陈晶1, 林彩霞2, 完玛草2   

  1. 1 甘肃省夏河县农业技术推广站， 甘肃夏河 747199
    2 甘肃省夏河县种子工作站， 甘肃夏河 747199
  • 收稿日期:2025-01-21 修回日期:2025-05-15 出版日期:2026-05-15 发布日期:2026-05-15
  • 作者简介:

    张玉龙，男，1974年出生，甘肃卓尼人，高级农艺师，本科，研究方向：耕地质量管理。通信地址：747199 甘肃省甘南州夏河县拉卜楞镇扎西奇街75号，E-mail：。

Study on Planting Performance of Eight Highland Barley Varieties in High-altitude Environments

ZHANG Yulong1(), ZHOU Lijuan1, GUO Song1, CHEN Jing1, LIN Caixia2, WAN Macao2   

  1. 1 Agricultural Technology Extension Station of Xiahe County, Gansu Province, Xiahe, Gansu 747199
    2 Seed Work Station of Xiahe County, Gansu Province, Xiahe, Gansu 747199
  • Received:2025-01-21 Revised:2025-05-15 Published:2026-05-15 Online:2026-05-15

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摘要：

为筛选适宜高海拔地区种植的高产优质青稞品种，本研究以甘南州3050 m高海拔环境为试验区，以‘甘青4号’、‘甘青6号’、‘甘青8号’至‘甘青13号’8个青稞品种为材料，系统研究其生育期、抗逆性、经济性状、产量及营养品质差异，通过田间观测记录全生育期与抗逆性表现，并测定其经济性状与核心营养品质指标，明确适宜高海拔推广的优良品种。结果表明：高海拔使各品种生育期较低海拔环境延长1~3 d，‘甘青12号’、甘青12号’生育期最长(120 d)；参试品种整体抗逆性强，仅‘甘青12号’抗倒伏性为中等级；产量以‘甘青11号’(4320 kg/hm²)最高，‘甘青8号’ (4245 kg/hm²)次之；‘甘青6号’、‘甘青10号’、‘甘青11号’千粒重均>50 g，有效穗数（342.0万~346.5万/hm²）与株高(71.6~96.6 cm)表现突出；品质上‘甘青13号’淀粉(71.7 g/100g)、β-葡聚糖(3.82%)、花青素(10.4 mg/100g)含量优势显著，‘甘青11号’蛋白质含量最高（10.7 g/100g）。综合评价，甘青6号’、‘甘青11号’农艺性状优良、高产稳产，适合作为高海拔主推品种；‘甘青13号’营养品质突出，具备功能型专用品种开发潜力。研究结果可为青藏高原高海拔区青稞品种布局、良种繁育及产业化利用提供科学依据与数据支撑。

关键词: 高海拔, 青稞品种, 种植表现, 抗逆性, 生育期, 经济性状, 产量, 品质

Abstract:

To screen highland barley varieties suitable for cultivation in high-altitude regions, this study systematically investigated the adaptability, yield, and quality performance of 8 varieties under an altitude of 3050 meters. Using eight highland barley varieties, namely ‘Ganqing 4’, ‘Ganqing 6’, ‘Ganqing 8’ to ‘Ganqing 13’, as experimental materials, field observations were conducted to record the full growth period and stress resistance, while economic traits and core nutritional quality indicators were measured. All varieties exhibited a 1-3 day extension in growth period compared to lower-altitude environments, with ‘Ganqing 12’ and ‘Ganqing 6’ having the longest growth period (120 days). The tested varieties generally showed strong stress resistance, except for ‘Ganqing 12’, which had a medium lodging resistance rating. ‘Ganqing 11’ achieved the highest yield (4320 kg/hm2), followed by ‘Ganqing 8’ (4245 kg/hm2). ‘Ganqing 6’, ‘Ganqing 10’, and ‘Ganqing 11’ all had a thousand-grain weight exceeding 50 g, with outstanding performance in effective panicles (3.420-3.465 million/hm2) and plant height (71.6-96.6 cm). In terms of quality, ‘Ganqing 13’ showed significant advantages in starch (71.7 g/100g), β-glucan (3.82%), and anthocyanin (10.4 mg/100g) contents, while ‘Ganqing 11’ had the highest protein content (10.7 g/100g). ‘Ganqing 6’ and ‘Ganqing 11’ demonstrated excellent comprehensive agronomic traits, making them suitable as leading high-yield and stable varieties for high-altitude regions. ‘Ganqing 13’ has outstanding nutritional quality and potential for development as a functional special-purpose variety.

Key words: high altitude, highland barley varieties, planting performance, stress resistance, growth period, economic traits, yield, quality

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