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中国农学通报 ›› 2026, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (7): 22-29.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2025-0771

• 农学·农业基础科学 • 上一篇    下一篇

喷施脱叶催熟剂对棉花轻简化区域试验品种产量及纤维品质的影响

张桂芝1(), 赵红军1, 王文良2, 陈兰1, 张晓洁1, 刘国栋1()   

  1. 1 山东省农业科学院经济作物研究所, 济南 250100
    2 山东省种子管理总站, 济南 250100
  • 收稿日期:2025-09-09 修回日期:2025-12-26 出版日期:2026-04-15 发布日期:2026-04-15
  • 通讯作者:
    刘国栋,男,1981年出生,山东济南人,副研究员,硕士,主要从事作物遗传育种、作物种质创新技术和分子标记检测技术研究。通信地址:250100 山东省济南市历城区工业北路23788号 山东省农业科学院经济作物研究所,Tel:0531-66655046,E-mail:
  • 作者简介:

    张桂芝,女,1982年出生,山东聊城人,助理研究员,博士,研究方向:作物遗传育种。通信地址:250100 山东省济南市历城区工业北路23788号 山东省农业科学院经济作物研究所,Tel:0531-66655046,E-mail:

  • 基金资助:
    山东省农业良种工程“多抗高品质早熟棉花新品种培育”(2023LZGC007)

Effects of Defoliation and Ripening Agent on Yield and Fiber Quality of Cotton Cultivars in Light and Simplified Regional Trials

ZHANG Guizhi1(), ZHAO Hongjun1, WANG Wenliang2, CHEN Lan1, ZHANG Xiaojie1, LIU Guodong1()   

  1. 1 Institute of Economic Crops, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100
    2 Shandong Seed Administration Station, Jinan 250100
  • Received:2025-09-09 Revised:2025-12-26 Published:2026-04-15 Online:2026-04-15

摘要:

为研究喷施脱叶催熟剂对棉花轻简化区域试验品种产量性状以及纤维品质的影响,明确山东省棉花轻简化区域试验喷施脱叶催熟剂的合理方法,以2023年和2024年棉花轻简化区域试验品种为材料,于打顶后60 d喷施噻苯隆600 g/hm2+乙烯利3000 mL/hm2,以喷施等量清水为对照,分析脱叶催熟剂对不同棉花品种产量性状和纤维品质等指标的影响。结果表明,脱叶催熟剂对棉花轻简化区域试验品种的籽棉产量、纤维长度、纤维比强度、整齐度指数无显著影响,但不同品种间存在差异,籽棉产量较对照降低或持平的品种比例在2个年度均约为50%。脱叶催熟剂对轻简化管理棉花品种的单铃重和籽指均有极显著影响,单铃重较对照平均降低4.23%~6.0%,籽指较对照平均降低5.51%~8.31%;脱叶催熟剂对衣分、马克隆值有较大影响,且影响程度因年度和品种类型而异。方差分析发现,脱叶催熟剂与品种类型的互作对籽指有极显著影响,而对籽棉产量、衣分、纤维长度、纤维比强度、马克隆值无显著影响,对单铃重的互作效应受品种类型和气候条件的影响较大。综上所述,在当前试验条件下,合理喷施脱叶催熟剂对棉花轻简化区域试验品种的产量和纤维品质无显著负面影响,建议山东省棉花轻简化区域试验喷施脱叶催熟剂的时间为打顶后60 d,每公顷应用600 g的50%噻苯隆可湿性粉剂和3000 mL的40%乙烯利水剂进行脱叶催熟,具体应用还需结合品种特性和当年气候条件进行调整。

关键词: 轻简化区域试验, 脱叶催熟剂, 噻苯隆, 乙烯利, 产量, 纤维品质

Abstract:

Aiming to study the effects of defoliation and ripening agent on yield and fiber quality of cotton cultivars in the light and simplified regional trials, so as to clarify the reasonable methods for spraying defoliation and ripening agent in Shandong. The paper analyzed the effects of defoliation and ripening agent on yield traits and fiber quality of different cotton varieties from the light and simplified regional trials of 2023 and 2024. 600 g thidiazuron (50% wettable powder) and 3000 mL ethephon (40% aqueous solution) per hectare were used at 60 days after topping, with spraying the equivalent volume of running water as the control. Results showed that defoliation and ripening agent exhibited no significant impact on seed cotton yield, fiber length, fiber strength, and uniformity index in the light and simplified regional trials. However, the extent of influence varied among the tested varieties, with approximately 50% of the varieties demonstrating either a decrease or no change compared to the control group across the two years. Defoliation and ripening agent significantly affected boll weight and seed index in cotton varieties under light and simplified cultivation. Specifically, boll weight decreased by an average of 4.23% to 6.0%, while seed index declined by an average of 5.51% to 8.31%, compared to the control group. Additionally, these agents considerably influenced lint percentage and micronaire, with the degree of influence differing among various cotton varieties across different years. Variance analysis indicated that the interaction between the defoliation and ripening agent and variety types had a highly significant effect on seed index but did not significantly affect seed cotton yield, lint percentage, fiber length, fiber strength, or micronaire. The interaction effect on boll weight was significantly influenced by both variety type and climatic conditions. In a word, reasonable application of defoliation and ripening agent has no significant impact on the yield and fiber quality of cultivars in the light and simplified regional trials. It is initially recommended that the application of defoliation and ripening agent in the light and simplified regional trials of cotton in Shandong should be 60 days after topping. The recommended application rate is 600 g thidiazuron (50% wettable powder) and 3000 mL ethephon (40% aqueous solution) per hectare. However, specific applications need to be adjusted based on the characteristics of the variety and the climatic conditions of the year.

Key words: the light and simplified regional trial, defoliation and ripening agent, thidiazuron, ethephon, yield, fiber quality