欢迎访问《中国农学通报》，
中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2026, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (6): 102-110.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2025-0456

• 资源·环境·生态·土壤·气象 • 上一篇    下一篇

黄河水滴灌协同土壤调理技术对土壤理化性质及玉米产量的影响

李政葵(), 夏玉红(), 赵莎, 韩天凯, 孙龙, 刘嘉欣, 陈敏   

  1. 巴彦淖尔市水利科学研究所， 内蒙古巴彦淖尔 015000
  • 收稿日期:2025-06-21 修回日期:2025-10-11 出版日期:2026-03-25 发布日期:2026-03-30
  • 通讯作者:
    夏玉红，女，1968年出生，内蒙古巴彦淖尔人，正高级工程师，本科，主要从事农田水利研究。通信地址：015000 内蒙古巴彦淖尔市临河区新华西街水务大楼，E-mail：。
  • 作者简介:

    李政葵，男，1991年出生，内蒙古巴彦淖尔人，工程师，硕士，主要从事节水灌溉研究。通信地址：015000 内蒙古巴彦淖尔市临河区新华西街水务大楼，E-mail：。

  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划项目“灌区节水-控盐-减污-提质和生态保护协同技术集成与示范”(2021YFC3201205); 巴彦淖尔市科技计划项目“黄河水滴灌协同土壤调理关键技术应用研究”(K202018); 清华大学—宁夏银川水联网数字治水联合研究院联合开放基金资助项目“滴灌条件下土壤调理剂对河套灌区盐碱地水盐调控及改良效果的研究”(sklhse-2023-Iow03)

Effect of Yellow River Water Drip Irrigation Coordinated with Soil Regulation Technology on Soil Physicochemical Properties and Maize Yield

LI Zhengkui(), XIA Yuhong(), ZHAO Sha, HAN Tiankai, SUN Long, LIU Jiaxin, CHEN Min   

  1. Bayannur Institute of Water Conservancy Science, Bayannur, Inner Mongolia 015000
  • Received:2025-06-21 Revised:2025-10-11 Published:2026-03-25 Online:2026-03-30

RichHTML

1

PDF (PC)

6

摘要：

为解决内蒙古河套灌区干旱缺水与土壤盐碱化问题，探究黄河水滴灌条件下不同土壤调理技术对土壤理化性质及玉米产量的影响，筛选最优节水改土增产模式，以玉米为供试作物，设置单施SAP、单施PAM、混施SAP+PAM（简称S+P）、CK1（覆膜对照）、CK2（无膜对照）处理，搭配2376、2673、2970 m3/hm2 3个灌溉定额梯度，采用黄河水膜下滴灌的方式开展田间试验。系统测定土壤容重、有机质含量、含水率、全盐量及玉米产量、灌溉水生产效率等指标。研究表明：与对照相比，保水剂以及土壤改良剂均能在一定程度上降低土壤容重、提升有机质含量，其中S+P混施处理效果最优，0~80 cm土层容重较播前平均降低0.13 g/cm3，全生育期有机质平均含量达49.47 g/kg；SAP处理保水效果突出，生育期内平均含水率为21.76%~25.38%，且能有效降低土壤表层盐分（最低4.01 g/kg）；S+P混施处理玉米产量和灌溉水生产效率均高于其他处理，分别为15.6 t/hm2和17.58 kg/m3，S+P混施处理较单施SAP、PAM分别增产0.704 kg/m3、0.565 kg/m3；同一调理剂配施处理下，2376 m3/hm2灌溉定额的灌溉水生产效率最优，SAP 1-3、S+P 1-3、PAM 1-3处理均达6.0 kg/m3以上，其中SAP 1-3处理最高（6.39 kg/m3）。综合来看，S+P混施配合2376 kg/m3灌溉定额的膜下滴灌技术，能协同改善土壤理化性状、调控水盐运移、提升玉米产量与灌溉水生产效率，为河套灌区盐碱地改良与节水农业发展提供科学依据。

关键词: 保水剂, 土壤改良剂, 黄河水滴灌, 调理技术, 理化性质, 玉米产量, 河套灌区

Abstract:

This study investigates the effects of various soil conditioning techniques on soil physicochemical properties and maize yield under drip irrigation with Yellow River water under plastic film in the Hetao Irrigation District of Inner Mongolia, and screens optimal water-saving and soil-improving yield-increasing mode. Maize was used as the test crop, and single application of SAP, single application of PAM, mixed application of SAP + PAM ( S + P ), CK1 ( film mulching control ) and CK2 ( no film control ) were set up. Three irrigation quota gradients of 2376 m3/hm2, 2673 m3/hm2 and 2970 m3/hm2 were used to carry out field experiments by drip irrigation under the Yellow River water film. The soil bulk density, organic matter content, water content, total salt content, maize yield and irrigation water production efficiency were measured. The results indicate that, compared to the control group, both water-retaining agents and soil amendments reduced soil bulk density to varying degrees. The combined application of water-retaining agents and soil amendments resulted in the most significant reduction in soil bulk density, with an average decrease of 0.13 g/cm3 compared to pre-sowing levels. The soil organic matter content under plastic film in all treatments was generally higher than that of the control, with the combined treatment yielding the highest soil organic matter content at an average of 49.47 g/kg. Under the various treatment conditions, the combined application of water-retaining agents and soil amendments produced the highest maize yield and irrigation water productivity, reaching 15.6 t/hm2 and 17.58 kg/m3 respectively. For the same conditioning treatment, an irrigation quota of 2376 m3/hm2 was found to be most conducive to enhancing irrigation water productivity. Overall, the combined application of water-retaining agents and soil amendments demonstrated considerable advantages in improving soil physicochemical properties, increasing maize yield, and enhancing irrigation water productivity, offering valuable insights for similar agricultural production studies.

Key words: water-retaining agent, soil amendment, drip irrigation with Yellow River water, conditioning technology, physicochemical properties, maize yield, Hetao Irrigation District