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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2010, Vol. 26 ›› Issue (11): 200-205.

• 资源 环境 生态 土壤 气象 • 上一篇    下一篇

土壤硝态氮淋溶及氮素利用研究进展

串丽敏1,2,赵同科2,安志装2,杜连凤2,李顺江2,马礼3   

  • 收稿日期:2010-01-04 修回日期:2010-01-29 出版日期:2010-06-05 发布日期:2010-06-05
  • 基金资助:

    沿湖地区农业面源污染阻控关键技术研究;沿密云官厅水库集约化种养殖农业面源污染防控技术研究与示范

Research Advancement in Nitrate Leaching and Nitrogen Use in Soils

Chuan Limin1,2, Zhao Tongke2, An Zhizhuang2, Du Lianfeng2, Li Shunjiang2, Ma Li3   

  • Received:2010-01-04 Revised:2010-01-29 Online:2010-06-05 Published:2010-06-05

PDF (PC)

2426

摘要：

农业生产中氮肥的不科学施用，在一定程度上造成环境污染，而硝态氮淋溶则是水体环境质量恶化的重要影响因素，也成为氮素损失研究中的热点问题。本文综述了近年来在硝态氮淋溶方面的研究进展，提出氮肥施用量多寡以及土壤灌溉和降雨是导致硝态氮淋溶的重要因素；总结了提高氮素利用率的措施，包括根据土壤质地和矿物组成调整氮肥施用，有机无机肥料配合施用，大量元素与中微量元素平衡使用，施肥技术与高产栽培技术相结合，田间水分科学管理，脲酶抑制剂和硝化抑制剂的合理添加以及新型高效缓控释肥料的施用等，同时这些措施也是减少土壤硝态氮淋溶的有效途径。

关键词: 山楂, 山楂, 品质, 营养成分

Abstract:

Nitrate leaching from agricultural land and the contamination of ground and surface water resources were two major environmental concerned problems in many parts of China. This paper have summarized nitrate leaching research in recent years, nitrogen amount, irrigation, and rainfall were major influencing factors. Also some effective methods were put forward to improve nitrogen use efficiency：Fertilizer based on mineral composition, organ and inorganic combined application, balanced fertilization, rational cultivation, water management, new type efficiency fertilizer application and so on. And theoretical basis was offered to reduce nitrogen leaching.