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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2022, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (4): 23-28.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2021-0323

所属专题： 生物技术； 园艺

• 林学·园艺·园林 • 上一篇    下一篇

冬伐高度对桑叶产量及品质的影响

娄德钊1,2(), 涂娜娜1,2, 卢芙萍1, 王树昌1, 武华周1()   

  1. 1中国热带农业科学院环境与植物保护研究所,海口 571101
    2海南大学植物保护学院,海口 570228
  • 收稿日期:2021-03-29 修回日期:2021-11-22 出版日期:2022-02-05 发布日期:2022-03-16
  • 通讯作者: 武华周
  • 作者简介:娄德钊,男,1994年出生,山东济南人,研究生,研究方向桑树高效栽培与桑园管理。通信地址：571101 海南海口龙华区学院路4号 中国热带农业科学院环境与植物保护研究所桑蚕研究室,Tel：0898-66969248,E-mail： loudezhao@163.com。
  • 基金资助:
    国家蚕桑产业技术体系“海口综合试验站”(CARS-18-SYZ17);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项“海南蚕桑资源饲料化应用技术的研究”(1630042021026);海南省基础与应用基础研究计划(自然科学领域)高层次人才项目“调节根际微生物群落防控桑青枯病技术的研究”(2019RC275)

Effect of Pruning Height in Winter on the Yield and Quality of Mulberry Leaves

LOU Dezhao1,2(), TU Nana1,2, LU Fuping1, WANG Shuchang1, WU Huazhou1()   

  1. 1Environment and Plant Protection Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571101
    2College of Plant Protection, Hainan University, Haikou 570228
  • Received:2021-03-29 Revised:2021-11-22 Online:2022-02-05 Published:2022-03-16
  • Contact: WU Huazhou

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摘要：

分析桑树冬伐高度对春季桑叶产量、桑枝叶片数、发枝条数等产量指标和桑叶粗蛋白含量、含水量等品质指标的影响,为桑园冬季剪伐提供参考依据。本研究采用随机试验设计,在桑园冬管时期设定5个不同处理剪伐高度(5、25、45、65、85 cm),以本地冬伐高度5 cm为对照。在剪枝60天后、小蚕饲养前,测定桑叶产量、发枝条数、枝条长度、桑枝叶片数、茎粗、叶片含水量、灰分、蛋白含量等参数。结果表明,随冬伐高度的增加,桑叶产量、枝条长度、桑枝叶片数和茎粗等桑叶地上部形态指标呈先增加后降低的趋势,冬伐高度为45 cm时桑叶产量最高。而发枝条数随冬伐高度的增加而增加。桑叶产量与冬伐高度拟合回归曲线(R2=0.945)分析表明,当冬伐高度为45.29 cm时,桑叶产量最高;相关性分析表明,除发枝条数与枝条叶片数外,其他地上部形态与冬伐高度之间显著或极显著相关（P<0.05或P<0.01）,但枝条数与枝条叶片数和茎粗之间呈负相关。随冬伐高度的增加,上、下位叶片水分含量、粗蛋白含量总体呈先增加后减少的趋势,当冬伐高度为45 cm时叶片含水量与粗蛋白含量高于对照,但叶片灰分含量随冬伐高度的增加而增加。冬伐高度显著影响桑叶产量及地上部形态,冬伐高度为45 cm时,桑叶产量及营养品质达最优。

关键词: 桑树, 冬伐, 桑叶, 产量, 品质

Abstract:

To provide certain reference on mulberry pruning in winter, we analyzed the effect of different pruning heights in winter on the yield of mulberry leaves, the number of mulberry branches and leaves, and crude protein content and water content of mulberry leaves in spring. Five different pruning heights (5, 25, 45, 65 and 85 cm) were set in winter management period of mulberry garden by random design, and the local cutting height of 5 cm was the control. After pruning for 60 days and before feeding the silkworms, the yield of mulberry leaves, the number of branches and mulberry leaves, the length of branches, stem diameter, and the water content, ash content and protein content of leaves were measured. With the increase of pruning height, the aboveground morphological indexes of mulberry, such as the yield of mulberry leaves, the length of branches, the number of mulberry leaves and stem diameter first increased and then decreased. When the pruning height was 45 cm, the yield of mulberry leaves was the highest, and the number of branches increased with the winter pruning height. According to the regression curve (R2=0.945) between the yield of mulberry leaves and the pruning height in winter, the yield of mulberry leaves was the highest when the pruning height was 45.29 cm. The correlation analysis showed that, except the number of branches and leaves, there was a significant correlation between the aboveground morphology and the pruning height (P<0.05 or P<0.01). However, there was a negative correlation between the number of branches and leaves and the diameter of stems. With the increase of the pruning height, the water content and crude protein content of leaves at lower and upper position increased first and then decreased. When the pruning height was 45 cm, the water content and crude protein content of leaves were higher compared with those of control, while the ash content of leaves increased with the pruning height. Different pruning heights in winter have a significant effect on the leaf yield and aboveground morphology of mulberry. When the pruning height is 45 cm, the yield and nutritional quality of mulberry leaves are the best.

Key words: mulberry, winter pruning, mulberry leaves, yield, quality

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