不同品种肉鸡屠宰性能、胸肌肉品质和成分测定及分析

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2021-0494

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

研究旨在探讨中国自主研究培育的白羽肉鸡和爱拔益加AA在屠宰性能、肌肉品质和组成成分之间差异。以‘wod’系列白羽肉鸡和爱拔益加AA为素材,测定7周龄时各个品种的屠宰性能、胸肌肉品质以及胸肌中风味前体物质、矿物元素、微生素等成分含量,分析比较不同品种间的差异变化。结果表明：wod168和wod178的屠体率、全净膛率和胸肌率均极显著低于wod188和AA(P<0.01),翅膀率极显著高于后两者(P<0.01)。wod168的胸肌肌肉pH和嫩度极显著小于AA(P<0.01),肉色的L值和b值显著高于AA(P<0.05)。wod168胸肌肌肉氨基酸总量、矿物元素总量和粗蛋白含量均高于其他三个品种,肌内脂肪和胆固醇含量低于其他品种。wod168产肉性能不及其他品种,但其胸肌肌肉肉品质更佳,更符合消费者对优质肉品质的需求。

关键词: 鸡, 屠宰性能, 肉品质, 风味前体物质, 矿物元素, 维生素, 测定

Abstract:

The purpose of this study is to investigate the differences of slaughter performance and muscle quality and composition between ‘wod’ series broilers (which are self-bred in China) and AA broilers. The slaughter performance, chest muscle quality, flavor precursors content, mineral elements content and vitamins content of 7-week-old broilers were determined, and the differences were compared between ‘wod’ series broilers and AA broilers. The results showed that the dressed percentage, percentage of eviscerated yield and percentage of chest muscle of wod168 and wod178 were extremely significantly lower than those of wod188 and AA (P<0.01), while the percentage of wings was extremely significantly higher than that of wod188 and AA (P<0.01). The pH value and tenderness of chest muscle of wod168 were extremely significantly lower than those of AA (P<0.01), and the L value and b value of meat color were significantly higher than those of AA (P<0.05). The contents of amino acids, mineral elements and crude protein in chest muscle were the highest and the contents of intramuscular fat and cholesterol were the lowest in wod168. wod168 did not have good meat production performance, but performed better on breast meat quality, which was more consistent with consumer demand for good meat quality.

Key words: chicken, slaughter performance, meat quality, flavor precursors, mineral elements, vitamins, determination

中图分类号:

S831.2

马猛, 王克华, 曲亮, 窦套存, 郭军, 王星果, 胡玉萍, 卢建. 不同品种肉鸡屠宰性能、胸肌肉品质和成分测定及分析[J]. 中国农学通报, 2022, 38(9): 137-142.

MA Meng, WANG Kehua, QU Liang, DOU Taocun, GUO Jun, WANG Xingguo, HU Yuping, LU Jian. Determination and Analysis of Slaughter Performance, Chest Muscle Quality and Composition of Different Chicken Breeds[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2022, 38(9): 137-142.

图/表 7

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种类	粗蛋白质≥	粗脂肪≥	粗纤维≤	粗灰分≤	钙	总磷≥	氯化钠	含硫氨基酸≥
小鸡料8105	21.00	3.00	5.00	7.00	0.70-1.20	0.60	0.30-0.80	0.65
中鸡料8115	19.00	3.00	6.00	7.00	0.70-1.20	0.55	0.30-0.80	0.60

种类	粗蛋白质≥	粗脂肪≥	粗纤维≤	粗灰分≤	钙	总磷≥	氯化钠	含硫氨基酸≥
小鸡料8105	21.00	3.00	5.00	7.00	0.70-1.20	0.60	0.30-0.80	0.65
中鸡料8115	19.00	3.00	6.00	7.00	0.70-1.20	0.55	0.30-0.80	0.60

品种	屠体率	全净膛率	胸肌率	腿肌率	翅膀率	腹脂率	腿比率
wod168	91.20±1.24^B	69.50±1.62^C	19.92±1.98^D	19.21±2.15^a	11.83±0.64^A	3.92±1.31^A	29.79±1.87^A
wod178	91.80±1.11^B	73.00±1.84^B	26.21±2.43^C	20.00±1.14^ab	11.04±0.62^B	2.92±1.28^B	28.71±1.99^AB
wod188	94.38±2.18^A	76.04±1.55^A	29.21±2.02^B	20.50±2.32^b	9.83±1.00^C	2.58±0.97^BC	28.83±3.12^AB
AA	93.63±1.56^A	76.08±1.28^A	31.21±1.91^A	19.67±2.06^ab	9.42±0.93^C	2.00±0.78^C	27.50±3.14^B

品种	屠体率	全净膛率	胸肌率	腿肌率	翅膀率	腹脂率	腿比率
wod168	91.20±1.24^B	69.50±1.62^C	19.92±1.98^D	19.21±2.15^a	11.83±0.64^A	3.92±1.31^A	29.79±1.87^A
wod178	91.80±1.11^B	73.00±1.84^B	26.21±2.43^C	20.00±1.14^ab	11.04±0.62^B	2.92±1.28^B	28.71±1.99^AB
wod188	94.38±2.18^A	76.04±1.55^A	29.21±2.02^B	20.50±2.32^b	9.83±1.00^C	2.58±0.97^BC	28.83±3.12^AB
AA	93.63±1.56^A	76.08±1.28^A	31.21±1.91^A	19.67±2.06^ab	9.42±0.93^C	2.00±0.78^C	27.50±3.14^B

品种	pH	嫩度	肉色			系水力
品种	pH	嫩度	L	a	b	系水力
wod168	5.95±0.14^Bc	2.19±0.25^Bc	49.77±3.24^a	1.36±0.96	8.39±2.25^a	52.79±3.62^a
wod178	6.11±0.16^ABb	2.39±0.16^ABb	47.58±2.17^ab	1.17±0.50	7.47±1.86^ab	50.73±4.22^ab
wod188	6.27±0.19^Aa	2.30±0.26^Bbc	48.47±3.45^ab	1.51±0.94	7.38±1.85^ab	49.73±3.52^b
AA	6.22±0.10^Aab	2.61±0.18^Aa	46.75±2.99^b	1.20±0.68	6.70±1.79^b	53.23±1.54^a