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中国农学通报 ›› 2021, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (32): 73-77.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2020-0322

• 林学·园艺·园林 • 上一篇    下一篇

牛粪基质对甜瓜幼苗生长、光合的影响

毛柯1(), 田巧玲2, 余丰秋3, 张嘉欣1, 周璐瑶1, 樊宇婷1, 王吉庆1()   

  1. 1河南农业大学园艺学院,郑州 450002
    2河南省濮阳县农业农村局,河南濮阳 457100
    3镇平县种子技术服务站,河南南阳 474200
  • 收稿日期:2020-08-03 修回日期:2020-11-07 出版日期:2021-11-15 发布日期:2022-01-07
  • 通讯作者: 王吉庆
  • 作者简介:毛柯,女,1996年出生,河南唐河人,在读研究生,研究方向:蔬菜栽培生理。通信地址:450002 河南郑州金水区农业路63号,Tel:0371-18860360598,E-mail: 1377240827@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    河南省现代农业产业技术体系建设专项“设施蔬菜水肥高效利用技术研究与示范”(CZ2014-S03)

Effects of Cow Dung Substrate on the Growth and Photosynthesis of Muskmelon Seedlings

Mao Ke1(), Tian Qiaoling2, Yu Fengqiu3, Zhang Jiaxin1, Zhou Luyao1, Fan Yuting1, Wang Jiqing1()   

  1. 1College of Horticulture Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002
    2Agricultural and Rural Bureau of Puyang County, Henan Province, Puyang Henan 457100
    3Seed Technology Service Station of Zhenping, Nanyang Henan 474200
  • Received:2020-08-03 Revised:2020-11-07 Online:2021-11-15 Published:2022-01-07
  • Contact: Wang Jiqing

摘要:

草炭是全世界公认的优良园艺育苗和栽培基质,过度开采草炭会破坏生态环境,研究能够替代草炭基质的材料具有重要的实践意义。本试验以发酵牛粪为主要材料,采用不同体积比例的牛粪、蛭石、珍珠岩配制成育苗基质,以商业草炭基质为对照,进行甜瓜育苗试验。笔者测定了不同处理基质的物理性质、出苗率,生长指标和光合指标,研究了不同配比牛粪基质对甜瓜种子萌发、幼苗生长的影响。结果表明:处理I的物理性质和甜瓜出苗率与对照草炭基质相近,幼苗根长和地下部鲜重分别较草炭基质提高了19.3%、60.6%,幼苗叶片胞间CO2浓度较对照草炭基质降低了12.8%,净光合速率较对照高14.1%。发酵牛粪:蛭石:珍珠岩体积比为6:3:1并添加适量鸡粪和柠檬酸配制的基质可以替代草炭基质用于甜瓜幼苗。

关键词: 牛粪, 草炭基质, 甜瓜, 育苗, 鸡粪, 柠檬酸

Abstract:

Peat is recognized as an excellent substrate for horticultural seedling and cultivation all over the world, while excessive exploitation of peat will damage the ecological environment. It has practical significance to study the materials that can replace the peat substrate. This experiment took fermented cow dung as the main material, and used different volume ratios of cow dung, vermiculite and perlite to prepare seedling substrates, a commercial peat substrate was used as the control to carry out a melon seedling experiment. The authors measured the physical properties, emergence rate, growth index and photosynthetic index of different treatment substrates, and studied the effects of different ratios of cow dung substrates on melon seed germination and seedling growth. The results showed that the emergence rate of muskmelon and the physical properties of treatment I were similar to those of the control peat substrate. At the same time, the seedling root length and underground fresh weight of treatment I increased by 19.3% and 60.6% respectively compared with the peat substrate, the intercellular CO2 concentration of seedling leaves was reduced by 12.8% compared with the control, and the net photosynthetic rate was 14.1% higher than that of the control. Therefore, the substrate prepared by fermented cow dung: vermiculite: perlite volume ratio of 6:3:1 with the adding of appropriate amount of chicken manure and citric acid could replace the peat substrate for melon seedlings.

Key words: cow dung, peat substrate, melon, grow seedlings, chicken manure, citric acid

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