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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2022, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (16): 51-55.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2021-0674

所属专题： 生物技术； 园艺

• 林学·园艺·园林 • 上一篇    下一篇

基质配比对茶树扦插育苗的影响

刘敏1(), 朱双凤2, 代雨婧2, 王润贤1   

  1. 1江苏农林职业技术学院江苏省茶业研究所,江苏句容 212400
    2江苏农林职业技术学院茶与食品科技学院,江苏句容 212400
  • 收稿日期:2021-07-09 修回日期:2022-02-10 出版日期:2022-06-05 发布日期:2022-06-09
  • 作者简介:刘敏,女,1991年出生,云南昭通人,农艺师,硕士研究生,致力于茶苗繁育、茶园管理与茶树营养、茶叶加工等方向的研究。通信地址：212400 江苏省句容市文昌东路19号,E-mail： Mliujsafc@163.com。
  • 基金资助:
    江苏体系项目“江苏现代农业（茶叶）产业技术体系集成创新中心”(JATS[2020]333、JATS[2021]372);江苏农林职业技术学院亚夫科技服务项目“2021年茶叶绿色高效生产技术集成与示范推广”(2021kj03);江苏农林职业技术学院院内项目“2020年茶园修剪枝/夏秋茶鲜叶综合利用技术集成与示范”(2020kj030);江苏农林职业技术学院团队项目“2018年茶园害虫生物防治技术集成与示范”(2018kj01);江苏省教育厅支撑项目“现代茶叶工程技术研发中心”

Effect of Different Substrate Proportions on Camellia sinensis Cutting Seedling Cultivation

LIU Min1(), ZHU Shuangfeng2, DAI Yujing2, WANG Runxian1   

  1. 1Jiangsu Tea Research Institute, Jiangsu Vocational College of Agriculture and Forestry, Jurong, Jiangsu 212400
    2College of Tea and Food Science Technology, Jiangsu Vocational College of Agriculture and Forestry, Jurong, Jiangsu 212400
  • Received:2021-07-09 Revised:2022-02-10 Online:2022-06-05 Published:2022-06-09

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摘要：

茶树繁殖中短穗扦插育苗是目前茶树繁殖的主要方法,亦是工厂化育苗的主要手段,但存在扦插成活率低、生根慢等缺点。本研究将赤玉土和鹿沼土基质应用于茶树扦插育苗中,以前人研究的较好的育苗配方为对照,旨在研究一款适应性强、扦插成活率高的茶苗扦插基质。结果表明,赤玉土:鹿沼土:腐叶土=5:2:3(V/V/V)抽芽时间最早（10天）,较其他处理提前5~8天;生根率最强100%,显著高于蛭石:泥炭土=1:2(V/V);生根效果最长(10.76 cm),极显著高于其他处理。基质配比为赤玉土:鹿沼土:腐叶土=5:2:3(V/V/V)的处理极大限度地促进了茶苗根系总根长、须根数、地径和生物量的增长,茶苗整体表现最为优异,具有生根快、抽芽早、繁育能力强、成活率高、应用性强等优点,是一种可以用于茶树扦插育苗的基质配比。

关键词: 茶, 鹿沼土, 赤玉土, 腐殖土, 扦插育苗

Abstract:

At present, the short-spiked cutting seedling cultivation is the main method of tea plant propagation, as well as the main means of factory nursery of seedlings. However, there are some disadvantages such as low survival rate of cutting seedlings and slow rooting. In this research, the substrates of Akadama clay and Kanuma mud were used in the cultivation of tea tree cutting seedlings, with good substrate formula obtained in the past as a control, aiming to find a cutting substrate with strong adaptability and high cutting survival rate. The results showed that the best substrate was Akadama clay: Kanuma mud: humus= 5:2:3 (V/V/V), with a cutting survival rate of 100% at the highest, significantly higher than that of the substrate of vermiculite: peat=1:2 (V/V). The earliest budding time under the best substrate treatment was 10 days, which was 5-8 days earlier than that under other substrate treatments, and the rooting performance was also the best (10.76 cm), significantly longer than that of other groups. Therefore, the substrate of Akadama clay: Kanuma mud: humus=5:2:3 (V/V/V) could maximize the growth of total root length, number of fibrous roots, ground diameter and biomass of the root system. The overall performance of tea seedlings was the best, with the advantages of fast rooting, early budding, strong reproductive ability, high survival rate and strong applicability. As a conclusion, the above substrate proportion can be used for tea cutting seedling cultivation.

Key words: Camellia sinensis, Kanuma mud, Akadama clay, humus, cutting seedlings

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